The Relevance and Importance of Promoting Health in National SDG Responses

在国家响应可持续发展目标的行动中促进健康至关重要

– Keynote Address at the 9th Global Conference on Health Promotion

——在第九届全球健康促进大会上的主旨发言

Dr. Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization

世界卫生组织总干事  陈冯富珍博士

Shanghai, China

中国  上海

21 November 2016

2016年11月21日

His Excellency Li Keqiang, Madame Liu Yandong, Vice Premier of the State Council of China,

Excellencies, Honourable Ministers, Distinguished Participants, Ladies and Gentlemen,

中国国务院总理李克强阁下，副总理刘延东女士，

各位阁下，尊贵的部长们，尊敬的与会者们，女士们，先生们：

I thank Shanghai, China, for hosting this event and thank Premier Li for gracing this very important Global Conference on Health Promotion.

我感谢中国上海主办这次活动，感谢李总理能光临这次非常重要的全球健康促进大会。

The 9th GCHP in Shanghai is a watershed event, not withstanding 30 years ago, when the first ever meeting on health promotion was held, in Canada. In this complex world we are living in, we will learn the solutions, during this Conference, to support the health of the people living in a very complex world.

尽管30年前在加拿大举行了首届健康促进会议，但这次在上海举办的第九届全球健康促进大会是个转折点。我们如今所生活的世界十分复杂，我们要在本次大会期间学习解决办法，以维护生活在这个极其复杂世界中的人们的健康。

I commend Minister Li Bin and Mr. Ying Yong, Executive Vice Mayor of Shanghai, for making this event a success. Want to thank your leadership.

我赞扬李斌主任和上海市常务副市长应勇先生，你们使这次活动取得成功。感谢你们的领导。

Another important measure taken by the Shanghai Authorities, which is very important and appreciated by this meeting, is the decision to make the airport terminals, railway stations and hotels smoke-free.

上海市政府还采取了另一项非常重要并得到此次会议赞赏的措施，就是决定使机场航站楼、火车站和酒店成为无烟场所。

It goes without saying that China has done a lot in tobacco control, led by Beijing and Shanghai.

不言而喻，中国在烟草控制方面已经做出了许多努力，北京和上海走在了前面。

This is the first conference on health promotion being held under the Sustainable Development Agenda 2030, leaving no one behind.

这是根据《2030年可持续发展议程》举办的第一届健康促进大会，决心做到“不落下任何人”。

At both the national and international levels, the Sustainable Development Goals formally embrace the need for multisectoral collaboration. Working tougher is important to deliver on these Goals.

不论是在国家还是国际层面，可持续发展目标都明确载明了跨部门合作的必要性。携手工作对于实现这些目标十分重要。

What they do is to recognize that today’s complex health challenges can no longer be addressed by the health sector acting alone.

通过这些目标，人们认识到今天的复杂卫生挑战不能再单靠卫生部门的行动来解决。

Curbing the rise of antimicrobial resistance requires policy support from agriculture. Abundant evidence shows that educated girls and mothers have the healthiest families.

遏制抗微生物药物耐药性的上升需要农业方面的政策支持。大量证据表明，受过教育的女童和母亲拥有最健康的家庭。

Access to clean green energy is also important. Green energy drives economic growth, but it also reduces millions of deaths from respiratory and cardiovascular disease associated with air pollution.

获得清洁的绿色能源也很重要。绿色能源不仅能推动经济增长，还可使数百万与空气污染有关的呼吸道和心血管疾病死亡人数得到减少。

The inclusion of a target for reaching universal health coverage, which is included in Sustainable Development Goal No.3, and includes financial risk protection, gives health the power to build fair, stable, and cohesive societies while also furthering the overarching objective of ending poverty.

在可持续发展目标3中纳入实现全民健康覆盖，包括提供金融风险保护的具体目标，使得能够通过健康的力量建立公平、稳定和团结的社会，同时促进实现消除贫困的总目标。

Health is an end-point that reflects the success of multiple other goals. Because the determinants of health are so broad, progress in improving health is a reliable indicator of progress in implementing the overall Sustainable Development Agenda.

健康目标的实现同时也能反映许多其它目标的成功。因为健康的决定因素非常广泛，所以改善健康方面的进展是实施总体可持续发展议程进展的可靠指标。

In the final analysis, the ultimate objective of all development activities, whether aimed at improving food and water supplies or making cities safe, is to sustain human lives in good health.

归根结底，所有发展活动的最终目标，无论是为了改善粮食和水供应还是为了建设安全城市，都是为了维持人类的健康生活。

We welcome the attention being given to healthy cities, to good governance that follows a whole-of-society approach, and to health literacy as an enabling factor in promoting health.

我们欢迎对营造健康城市的重视，注重以“全社会努力”方针为指导实行善政，注重以健康素养作为推动因素来促进健康。

City mayors hold the power for implementing the SDGs. Mayors can introduce health-promoting measures more easily across all sectors than at the national level.

城市市长拥有实施可持续发展目标的力量。他们可以在各个部门推行健康促进措施，这比在全国范围推行更加容易。

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides the platform for a whole-of-society approach.

《2030年可持续发展议程》为采取“全社会努力”方针提供了平台。

Health literacy must extend from the personal to the political and policy levels.

健康素养必须从个人层面延伸到政治和政策层面。

Health promotion is essentially about delivering messages that change human behaviours. For example no smoking, healthy diet and more physical activities, and there is nothing harder to do in all of public health.

健康促进从根本上说就是要传递可以改变人类行为的信息，例如宣传不吸烟，健康饮食和增加身体活动等，但这是公共卫生领域最艰巨的任务之一。

Some of the most successful strategies use population-wide interventions to reshape the environments in which people make their lifestyle choices.

一些最成功的策略通过全民干预措施来重塑人们赖以选择生活方式的环境。

At national and municipal levels, legislative and fiscal measures are among the most effective interventions, but often face stiff and well-funded resistance from powerful industries that market unhealthy products.

在国家和市政两级，立法和财政措施都属于最有效的干预措施，但往往面临来自那些营销不健康产品的资金充足的强大产业的顽固抵制。

This is why we need health literacy at the political level, in the interest of policy coherence spanning multiple sectors.

因此我们要在政治层面提高健康素养，这样才能在多个部门之间实现政策一致性。

Ministries of health nearly always have their facts and evidence straight, but ministries of finance, trade, agriculture, and foreign affairs are susceptible to persuasion by industry arguments.

卫生部几乎总能提出不容置疑的事实和证据，但是财政、贸易、农业和外交部却容易遭到业界各种论点的争辩。

The use of plain packaging to reduce tobacco consumption provides a good example. Industry’s first argument is: plain packaging does not work. This argument is not supported by the facts.

通过无装饰包装来减少烟草消费便是一个很好的例子。烟草业提出的第一个论点是：无装饰包装没有效果。但事实并非如此。

Plain packaging is a measure, under the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, pioneered in Australia. Following implementation of the country’s plain packaging law, as part of a comprehensive approach to tobacco control, smoking rates fell to historical lows.

无装饰包装是根据《世卫组织烟草控制框架公约》率先在澳大利亚实行的一项措施。该国在全面控烟方针下执行无装饰包装法律后，吸烟率降至历史最低水平。

No wonder governments like that France and the United Kingdom have begun implementing plain packaging laws, and New Zealand and Hungary have recently passed laws. Many other countries are close behind.

难怪法国和英国等政府也已开始实行无装饰包装法律，并且新西兰和匈牙利最近也通过了相关法律。许多其它国家正紧随其后。

The tobacco industry tells ministries in non-health sectors a different story.

但烟草业却向卫生部门以外的各部委讲述了不同的情况。

As industry argues, plain packaging fuels the black market, funds organized crime, and supports international terrorism. Such arguments sound terrifying, but not a shred of evidence supports them.

烟草业狡辩说，无装饰包装会促进黑市交易，资助有组织犯罪，并支持国际恐怖主义。这些论点听起来很可怕，但却没有丝毫证据基础。

This example underscores my principal advice to you. Changing the environment in which people make their lifestyle choices requires extraordinary government commitment, courage, and persistence, even when we have all the facts on our side.

这个例子强调了我要对你们提出的主要建议。要改变人们赖以选择其生活方式的环境需要政府作出非凡的承诺，表现出非凡的勇气与坚持不懈精神，即便在所有的事实都证明我们有理时也要如此。

We cannot let health be sacrificed in what looks increasingly like a post-fact, post-truth world.

我们决不能让健康成为一个似乎越来越忽视事实与真相的世界里的牺牲品。

Tobacco use kills around 6 million people each year. That’s a fact.

吸烟每年导致大约600万人死亡。这是事实。

Every single one of those deaths is an entirely avoidable tragedy. That’s the truth.

而这些死亡中每一例都是完全可以避免的悲剧。这是真相。

Ladies and gentlemen,

女士们，先生们：

In October, WHO urged governments to introduce taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages to reduce their significant contribution to obesity, diabetes, and dental decay. This is in line with the recommendation of the WHO Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity.

今年10月份，世卫组织敦促各国政府对含糖饮料征税，以减少其对肥胖、糖尿病和蛀牙的显著影响。这符合世界卫生组织终止儿童肥胖委员会的建议。

Industry’s reaction has been swift, making two predictable arguments. First, soda taxes do not work, despite evidence to the contrary. Second, soda taxes are regressive as they punish the poor.

业界对此迅速作出了反应，提出了两条预料之中的论据。第一，含糖饮料税不起作用（尽管有证据表明情况相反）。第二，含糖饮料税有损穷人因此是倒退性措施。

This argument ignores the fact that it is precisely the poor who suffer most greatly from diet-related diseases.

但这个论点忽视了一个事实，就是遭受饮食相关疾病影响最大的也正是穷人。

Across the world, noncommunicable diseases are the No.1 killers, and if we are talking about health for all people, we must address this very important subject. I urge governments to accept their responsibility to protect children. The argument that lifestyle behaviours are a matter of personal choice does not apply to children. Obesity in children is society’s fault, not theirs.

在世界各地，非传染性疾病是头号杀手，如果我们要让人人享有健康，就必须处理这个非常重要的议题。我敦促各国政府承担起保护儿童的责任。将生活方式行为视为个人选择问题的论点不适用于儿童。儿童肥胖是社会而不是儿童自己的过错。

I wish you a fruitful conference and I certainly wish the 9th Global conference on health promotion a great success.

我祝愿你们的会议富有成果，也衷心祝愿第九届全球健康促进大会圆满成功。

Thank you.

谢谢大家。