原创： 鬼谷一喵 翻译天堂 2016-07-28
1: run on sentence
两个独立完整的单句之间没有用连词或正确的标点进行连接。这种句子至少有两部分，每部分可独立成句。
1)两个独立的句子连在一起，中间并没有任何标点符号;
2)两个独立的句子中间仅用逗号分开---comma splice;
3)把连接副词误用为连词。
例1:she continued teaching,however her heart was not in it.
正:把逗号改分号或句号，因为however是连接副词。
例2:he disliked discipline, that is,he really was lazy.
正:把逗号改分号或句号。
2， comma splice
两个独立句子中间仅用逗号分开。
若要用逗号连接独立句子，逗号需要和连词(and，but，for，not，yet，ot，so)一起用。
例1: getting married is easy, staying married is a different matter.
正1:逗号改句号或分号
正2:加连接词，逗号后加but
正3:加关系词，逗号改成although
3，sentence fragment
残缺句，句子残缺不完整，未完成或只是完整句子的一部分。
注意:完整的句子1:contain at least one main or dependent clause,and/or2:contain at least one main subject and one main verb.
1)把从句当成完整的句子
2)句子缺主语或动词
例1:for example,the increase in the cost of renting an apartment.
问题:没主语
正: for example,the cost of renting an apartment has increased.
例2:having no money and being lonely in the big city.
问题: 这是一个分词短语，没有主语或动词
正1:she had no money and was lonely in the big city.
正2:having no money and being lonely in the city,the woman committed suicides.
例3:many people who get married before they are mature enough.
问题:这是一个从句
正:many people get married before they are mature enough.
4,choppy sentence
过度使用简单句，无条理。订正方法:加逗号或连词，or改成并列句或复杂句。
正1:money can buy a bed，but it cannot buy a good night's sleep.改成并列复合句
正2:money can buy a bed but not a good night's sleep.删去代词
5，stringy sentences
多介绍一种，以防万一。this is a sentence,forming one very long sentence. The result is a sentence that seem endless.
例:Many students attend classes all morning and they work all afternoon and then they have to study at night so they are usually exhausted by the weekend.
正1:many students attend classes all morning and work all afternoon.Then,they have to study at night.As a result,they are usually exhausted by the weekend.
正2:many students after they attend classes all morning,also work in the afternoon.Because they also have to study at night,they are usually exhausted by the weekend.
模拟练习~来自ESL
By the time Julia Roberts was 23, she had won two academy award nominations, she had also become the world's most popular female actress.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Since then, Roberts has appeared in fourteen films. Most recently, "My Best Friend's Wedding" and "The Conspiracy Theory."
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
She didn't plan to become an actress. She wanted to be six feet tall. She wanted to be a veterinarian. She wanted to be happy and make others happy.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Although Julia Roberts has had much professional success. Her personal life has been troubled with several failed relationships.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Julia Roberts lives in Manhattan, not far from the apartment she once shared with her sister in Greenwich Village.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
She came to New York when she was seventeen. Because her older sister lived there and she was influenced by her sister.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Roberts was raised in Georgia. Her parents ran a theater school there. Her sister and brother are also actors. The family was always short of money.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
When Julia was four years old, her parents divorced. After eighteen years of marriage.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Julia and her sister lived with their mother. Their brother stayed with their father. Who died of cancer five years later.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
In high school, Julia found classwork boring, she didn't know how to be a good student.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
After she graduated from high school, Julia worked in a shoe store while auditioning for acting jobs. Though didn't get hired for a year.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
In 1990, "Pretty Woman" became a smash hit her natural gift for this type of comedy brought her a nomination for Best Actress.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Julia Roberts was engaged to Keifer Sutherland in 1991. Three days before the wedding, she changed her mind and canceled everything.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
The singer-actor Lyle Lovett is ten years older than Julia she married him in 1993 but split up after less than two years.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
"Stepmom" is Julia Robert's new movie. It is a family drama. It co-stars Susan Sarandon. Ed Harris is also a co-star.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Currently, Julia is dating Benjamin Bratt. Who plays a detective on the TV series, "Law and Order."
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
Roberts says that she enjoys getting older and is content with her life experiences.
a. fragment
b. run on
c. comma splice
d. choppy
e. correct
