原创： 鬼谷一喵  翻译天堂  2016-07-28

以下八大类错误，整理自《华研专八人文与改错》和《星火·专八改错满分突破60篇》里近100套题目。如果之前错过了我的 180元MTI基础直播课 并且现在也确有经济困难的，可以牢记下表，形成条件反射，蒙中个五六成，还是不成问题的。

1.短语搭配错误；2.易混词错误；3.逻辑关系错误；4.代词错误（一致错误）；5.冠词错误；6.形容词和副词使用错误；7.成分残缺或冗余；8.动词时态或语态错误

1.短语搭配错误 （大部分为介词错误）

carry/get with things –> carry/get on with things

to let alone –> let alone

in return to –> in return for

the need of –> the need for

substitute A with B –> substitute A for B

under the grounds of/that –> on the grounds of/that

in a quick speed –> at a quick speed

with many respects –> in many respects

at the face of –> in the face(s) of

considerations to… –> considerations for…

become victims of …--> become victims to …

the problems with the government –> the problems for the government

resistive against –> resistive to

resistance of –> resistance to

embark sth –> embark on sth

with the belief that –> in the belief that

interpret… to –> interpret… as

in line to –> in line with

to varing degrees –> in varing degrees

leap out to me –> leap out at me

inject them lethal strains –> inject them with lethal strains

charge him with the same price –> charge him the same price

imbalance of A and B –> imbalance between A and B

shortage of protein with them –> shartage of protein among them

fortify sb for sth –> fortify sb against sth (加强…以抵御…)

shed light to sth –> shed light on sth

in proportion with –> in proportion to

pay for it with dollars –> pay for it in dollars

be in liberty to –> be at liberty to

begin at doing –> begin with doing

be contrasted to –> be contrasted with

commit an offence to –> commit an offence against

modern time –> modern times

ability of (doing) sth –> ability in (doing) sth

defend sth against –> defend sth from

at the first place –> in the first place

pay money in doing –> pay money for doing

take to do –> take to doing (“求助于，开始”，to为介词)

yearn to –> yearn for

at average –> on average

identify oneself to –> identify oneself with

be successful on doing –> be successful at/in doing

get one’s teeth on –> get one’s teeth into(埋头做，认真做)

the action of formation –> the action of forming (of后应接动名词而非名词)

approach to do … –> approach to doing …

one contributor of –> one contributor to

consumers demand of luxury goods –> consumers demand for luxury goods

balk to –> balk at (回避，绕过)

vary by – vary with

emphasis of – emphasis on

2.易混词错误

(1)形近异义词

imaginative – imaginary

confirm – conform

diary – dairy

personal – personnel

beside – besides

principal – principle

intelligent – intelligible

conscious – conscientious

stationary – stationery

considerate – considerable

affect(影响) – effect(致使、达成)

contact – contract

moral – morale

industrious – industrial

desert – dessert

require – acquire – inquire

presence – presentation

sensible – sensitive

transformation – transmission

value – evaluate

tense – tension

anything – something

cooker – cook

complexity(复杂性) – complex(合成体)

insurance – assurance

provide(提供) – provided/providing(假设，如果)

perceive – conceive

effective(有效的) – affective(受…影响的，由…引起的)

(2)形近(形异)近义词

latter – later

effective – efficient

continual(连续的) – continuous(持续不断的)

respectable – respectful

historic – historical

rise – arise – raise – arouse

sure – insure – ensure – assure

in return to – in response to

opposite – opposition

producing – productive

lonely – alone

across – cross

impressed -- impressive

permit(n.通行证) – permission

relating – related

memorizing – memorable

normal(n.常态,通常标准,一般水平) – norm(规范,行为标准)

favorite – favorable

acceptability – acceptance

economical – economic

few – little

a few – few

little – a little

invent – discover

before – ago

another – other

agent(代理人) – agency(代理机构)

reward(回馈) – award(奖赏)

special – specific

(3)兼有两种形式的副词

firstly – first (firstly用于列举条目或者表示顺序，first表示时间上“第一次、首次”)

hardly(几乎不) – hard(努力地)

sure – surely

late – lately

clear(完全地、径直地) – clearly(显然、清楚地)

high(高度高地) – highly(程度高地、非常)

close(接近地、紧密地) – closely(紧密地、严密地)

most(最) – most(大部分)

(4)反义词

with – without

possible – impossible

subjective – objective

import – export

better – worse

employee – employer

employment – unemployment

modifiable – unmodifiable

natural – unnatural

discernable – indiscernable

lent – borrowed

exclusive – inclusive

independency – dependency

willing – unwilling

nothing more than – nothing less than

agree – disagree

rarely – frequently / often

specific – general

less – more (still more– still less)

most – least

known – unknown

respective – irrespective (irrespective of表示“不管…”)

majority – minority

result in – result from

fortunately -- unfortunately

powerful – powerless

easiness – uneasiness

professional – amateur

aware – unaware

include – exclude

(5) 名词单复数异义

moral – morals(作名词时用复数形式,表示“道德、伦理”)

collection(不可数名词表示“各种因素集合体”) – collections(可数名词表示“收藏品”)

manner(方法,方式) – manners(礼仪,礼节)

saving – savings(复数表示“存款”)

specie(硬币) – species(种类)（species只有单数）

mean(n.平均值) – means(方法)

(6) 易混短语

live with(同…一起生活,忍受) – live by(靠…过活)

go about (doing) sth(开始做某事,四处走动,流传,经常从事于) – go around(四处走动,绕道走)

tend to – intend to

in next week(以当下时间为基准点) – in the next week(以过去的时间为基准点)

spend… in doing sth – spend… on sth

die of(内部) – die from(外部)

rather than – other than

have sb do sth – have sth done

take on(从事，开始对付，呈现) – go on(继续)

take place – take the place of

consist in(在于) – consist of(包括)

in all(总共) – after all(毕竟)

in return(作为报答) – in turn(反过来，轮流)

one reason for +短语 – one reason why +句子

bring out(使显露，使显现) – bring up(教育，培养，提出，(船)抵达目的地)

be worth doing – be worthwhile to do

react to(对…作出反应) – react with(以…作出反应)

apply… to(将…应用于) – apply for(请求，申请)

3.逻辑关系错误（连词使用错误）

therefore – nevertheless/however (大部分therefore都要改为however,反之亦然)

and – but / while

or – and

but – because

moreover – however

after – before

since – although

there is no…– there is also…

that – if

from now on – from then on

all – none

besides – yet

if – unless

besides – except

therefore – because

so – because

so does he… – neither/nor does he…

that’s why +结果 – that’s because +原因

as if – even if

whether – if

4.代词错误（一致错误）

their – its

that – those(需要特别注意)

which – that (有些情况下关系代词只能用that)

which – what

it – itself (主宾相同，宾语用反身代词)

that/this – it (只有it可作形式主语)

his – one’s (泛指时用one)

you – yourself

it – they

this – such

XX is less sophisticated than what they are today – XX is less sophisticated than they are today

5.冠词错误

(1)定冠词多余

on the either side –> on either side

in the Europe –> in Europe

in the winter –> in winter (季节前不加定冠词)

Kaufman, the/an author of a recent book – Kaufman, author of a recent book(同位语间完全对等关系，不必使用冠词)

take the issue –> take issue(对…持异议，不同意)

(2)定冠词缺漏

among most –> among the most

one of first –> one of the first

atmosphere –> the atmosphere(表示独一无二的事物)（另外还有如：the Equator, the Outerspace）

between us and rest –> between us and the rest

in minority –> in the minority

around floor –> around the floor

piano –> the piano (西洋乐器的前面要有定冠词)

English language –> the English language

at heart of –> at the heart of

world –> the world(表示“地球”这种独一无二的事物要加定冠词)

in long run –> in the long run

(3)定冠词与不定冠词之间的误用

illustrate the further difference –> illustrate a further difference (difference第一次提及)

注意以下短语的区别

in church – in the church

at college – at the college

in court – in the court

in hospital – in the hospital

in office – in the office

in prison – in the prison

at sea – at the sea

in school – in the school

at table – at the table

6.形容词与副词使用错误

have been currently –> current

be well equipped as –> be as well equipped as

heavy industrialized –> heavily-industrialized

spread colossal –> spread colossally

similar strong –> similarly strong

keep the number constantly at X a year –> keep the number constant at X a year

feel hopeless thwarted –> feel hopelessly thwarted

comparative high proportion –> comparatively high proportion

(quakes) start deeply in the earth –> start deep in the earth

in the passed 5 years –> in the past 5 years

culture embedded attitudes –> culturally embedded attitudes

as much as –> as often as

from one meter afar –> from one meter away

increasing –> increasingly

simple –> simply

pure –> purely

much –> many

many –> more

large –> larger

early –> earlier

7.成分残缺或多余(单复数错误)

a world which I could get… –> a world in which I could get…

shows –> that shows (先行词在定语从句中作主语，关系代词不可省略)

take for granted that –> take it for grated that

1980 –1980s

one of the most glaring form –> one of the mist glaring forms

their jobs engage in their interest –> their jobs engage their interest (engage单独使用表示“占用（某人时间），吸引（某人注意力）”)

complain about sth –> complain sth

work sth –> work out sth

believe in –believe (believe单独使用表示一般的“相信”，believe in表示“信任某人，信仰…”)

point sth –> point out sth

20 percents –> 20 percent

eyes contact –> eye contact

seven – seventh

the process which it function –> the process by which it function

communication service –> communications service (通信服务、通讯服务)

average incomes –> average income (income为不可数名词)

the like of –> the likes of(诸如此类的)

be referred to XX –> be referred to as XX

be viewed as work of are –> be viewed as a work of art(work作为“作品”讲时，为可数名词)

8.时态或语态错误

went – go

agreeing – agreed

consisted – consisting

bored – boring

favoring – favored

if she was –> if she were(非真实条件句)

involves – involving

will – would (虚拟语气中)

delaying – delayed (已完成概念或者被动概念)

the promise of improving quality of life –> the promise of improved quality of life (已完成概念或者被动概念)

assure – assures (第三人称单数)

have – has (要看清句子真正的主语)

developing – developed

confronting – confronted

the least understanding –> the least understood  ???

what the have told – what they have been told

if circumstances become favorable – if circumstances should become favorable