翻译天堂 9月6日
为方便大家随时阅读学习，翻译天堂现分段推出政府白皮书中英对照版。每天看点白皮书，每天进步一点点。
——天堂君
（四）履行知识产权保护承诺
4. Fulfilling commitments on IPR protection
加强知识产权保护是中国的主动作为。加强知识产权保护是完善产权保护制度最重要的内容，也是提高中国经济竞争力最大的激励。中国推进知识产权保护，不仅符合自身发展需要，也有助于进一步完善法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境。
Strengthening IPR protection on China’s own initiative. Strengthening IPR protection is the centerpiece for improving the property rights protection system, and it would provide the biggest boost to the competitiveness of the Chinese economy. It not only serves China’s own development needs, but also helps cultivate a business environment that is law-based, internationalized and business-friendly.
中国鼓励中外企业开展正常技术交流合作，依法保护在华外资企业合法知识产权，同时，希望外国政府加强对中国知识产权的保护。
China encourages technological exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and foreign enterprises, and protects the lawful IPR owned by foreign enterprises in China. At the same time, we hope foreign governments will also improve protection of Chinese IPR.
构建完备的知识产权保护法律体系。加入世贸组织后，中国建立健全知识产权法律法规，与多个国家建立知识产权工作机制，积极吸收借鉴国际先进立法经验，构建起符合世贸组织规则和中国国情的知识产权法律体系。
Building a full-fledged legal system on IPR protection. Since acceding to the WTO, China has formulated and improved its laws and regulations on IPR protection, set up IPR working mechanisms with many countries, drawn upon advanced international legislative practices, and built an IPR legal system that conforms to WTO rules and suits national conditions of China.
近年来，修订《商标法》，增加了惩罚性赔偿制度；修订《反不正当竞争法》，进一步完善了商业秘密的保护，同时明确市场混淆行为，引入标识的概念，拓宽对标识的保护范围。目前，正在加快推进《专利法》《著作权法》等法律修订。
The amended Trademark Law sets up a system of punitive damages. The amended Anti-Unfair Competition Law improves the protection of trade secrets, identifies act of confusion, introduces the concept of sign and expands the scope of protection for sign. Currently, China is working on amending the Patent Law and the Copyright Law.
持续加强知识产权保护执法力度。强化知识产权保护司法主导作用，把违法成本显著提上去，把法律威慑作用充分发挥出来。重新组建国家知识产权局，完善执法力量，加大执法力度。在北京、上海、广州设立三家知识产权法院，在南京、苏州、武汉、西安等15个中级法院内设立专门审判机构，跨区域管辖专利等知识产权案件。
Continuously strengthening law enforcement on IPR protection. China has enhanced the dominant role of the judiciary in IPR protection to significantly raise the cost for offenders and fully unlock the deterrent effect of relevant laws. The State Intellectual Property Office has been restructured to strengthen law enforcement. China has set up three IPR courts in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, and special judicial organs at 15 intermediate courts in Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuhan, Xi’an and other cities to handle cross-regional IPR cases, including those related to patents.
加大行政执法力度，针对重点违法领域，开展专利“护航”行动、打击网络侵权盗版“剑网”行动、出版物版权“扫黄打非”和“秋风”行动、打击侵权假冒的“网剑行动”“质检利剑”打假行动等专项行动，有效保护了知识产权。
China strengthened administrative law enforcement on intellectual property protection and launched special campaigns targeting outstanding problems, which effectively protected intellectual property rights. Such campaigns include “Convoy Campaign” for protecting patent rights, the “Sword-net Campaign” for combating online infringement and piracy, the “Sweeping Campaign” for cracking down pornography and illegal publication in the copyright field, the “Network Sword Campaign” for combating IPR infringements and counterfeits and the “Sword Actions on Quality Control” for cracking down counterfeits.
知识产权保护效果明显。从2001年起，中国对外支付知识产权费年均增长17%，2017年达到286亿美元。2017年，中国发明专利申请量达到138.2万件，连续7年居世界首位，申请者中近10%为外国单位和个人；国外来华发明专利申请量达到13.6万件，较2001年3.3万件的申请量增长了3倍。世界知识产权组织日前公布，2017年，中国通过《专利合作条约》途径提交的专利申请受理量达5.1万件，仅次于美国，居全球第二位。
Attaining notable results in IPR protection. Since 2001, intellectual property royalties paid by China to foreign right holders has registered an annual growth of 17 percent, reaching USD28.6 billion in 2017. In 2017, China received 1.382 million invention patent applications, ranking the first in the world for the seventh consecutive year. Nearly 10 percent of the applicants were foreign entities and individuals. Invention patent applications filed by foreign entities and individuals in China reached 136,000, growing by threefold compared with 33,000 in 2001. According to the World Intellectual Property Organization, 51,000 patent applications filed from China through the Patent Cooperation Treaty were accepted in 2017, second only to the US.
（五）履行透明度义务
5. Fulfilling commitments on transparency
明确提供法律制度保障。《立法法》《行政法规制定程序条例》《规章制定程序条例》明确要求法律、行政法规和规章草案须按有关规定公开征求公众意见。全国人大常委会法工委定期出版《中华人民共和国法律》（英文版）。国务院法制机构定期出版《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》（中英文对照），商务部在《中国对外经济贸易文告》中定期发布贸易政策。
Providing a solid legal basis. The Legislation Law, the Regulations on Procedures for Formulation of Administrative Regulations, and the Regulations on Procedures for Formulation of Rules explicitly provide for the solicitation of public comments on draft laws, administrative regulations and rules. The legislative affairs commission of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress regularly publishes the Laws of the People’s Republic of China (English edition); the State Council’s legislative affairs organ regularly publishes the Laws and Regulations of the People’s Republic of China Governing Foreign-Related Matters (Chinese and English bilingual edition); and the Ministry of Commerce regularly publishes trade policies in China Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation Gazette.
全面履行世贸组织通报义务。中国按照要求定期向世贸组织通报国内相关法律、法规和具体措施的修订调整和实施情况。截至2018年1月，中国提交的通报已达上千份，涉及中央和地方补贴政策、农业、技术法规、标准、合格评定程序、国营贸易、服务贸易、知识产权法律法规等诸多领域。
Comprehensively implementing the WTO notification obligations. China has submitted notifications to the WTO on a regular basis concerning the amendment, revision and implementation of relevant laws, regulations and measures as required by the WTO. By January 2018, China had submitted over one thousand notifications covering areas such as central and sub-central subsidy policies, agriculture, technical regulations, standards, conformity assessment procedures, state trading, trade in services, and IPR laws and regulations.
（六）为履行承诺付出巨大努力
6. Making tremendous efforts to honor its commitments
中国在加入世贸组织时作出广泛而深入的开放承诺，国内企业直接面对国际竞争，多数产业面临较大困难。中国企业主动应对挑战，大力推进产业结构调整，积极参与全球价值链，国际竞争力明显提升。
China made extensive and profound commitments on opening-up when entering the WTO. Domestic companies were confronted with international competition, and most industries faced great difficulties. Rising up to these challenges, Chinese companies took the initiative to promote structural readjustment, participated in the global value chains and significantly increased their international competitiveness.
