翻译天堂 9月7日
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——天堂君
二、中国坚定支持多边贸易体制
II. China Firmly Supports the Multilateral Trading System
以世贸组织为核心的多边贸易体制是国际贸易的基石，为推动全球贸易发展、建设开放型世界经济发挥了中流砥柱作用。加入世贸组织以来，中国始终坚定支持多边贸易体制，全面参与世贸组织各项工作，推动世贸组织更加重视发展中成员的关切，反对单边主义和保护主义，维护多边贸易体制的权威性和有效性，与各成员共同推动世贸组织在经济全球化进程中发挥更大作用。
The multilateral trading system with the WTO at its core is the cornerstone of international trade, and has been playing a pivotal role in promoting global trade and building an open world economy. Since its accession to the WTO, China has firmly supported the multilateral trading system, participated in all aspects of WTO work. It called upon the WTO to focus more on the concerns of developing members, opposed unilateralism and protectionism, upheld the authority and efficacy of the multilateral trading system, and made concerted efforts with other members in supporting the WTO to play a greater role in economic globalization.
（一）积极推进贸易投资自由化便利化
1. Liberalizing and facilitating trade and investment
全面参与多哈回合各项议题谈判。中国提出和联署谈判建议百份以上，推动贸易便利化、农业出口竞争等多项议题达成协议，推动多边贸易体制不断完善。2015年，中国成为接受《贸易便利化协定》议定书的第16个世贸组织成员。2016年中国担任二十国集团主席国期间，推动多国完成《贸易便利化协定》的国内批准程序，为协定早日生效作出了积极贡献。
Participating fully in the Doha Round negotiations. China has submitted or co-sponsored more than 100 negotiation proposals, helped secure agreement on trade facilitation and export competition in agricultural products, and promoted the continuous improvement of the multilateral trading system. In 2015, China became the 16th WTO member to ratify the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA). During its G20 presidency in 2016, China encouraged a number of countries to complete their domestic ratification procedures of the TFA, prompting the agreement’s entry into effect at an early date.
积极推动诸边贸易自由化进程。作为发展中成员，中国积极参与诸边自由化倡议，并为谈判作出了重要贡献。中国在加入世贸组织时参加了《信息技术协定》，在此基础上深入参与该协定扩围谈判，推动各方就取消201项信息技术产品的关税达成协议。
Promoting plurilateral trade liberalization. As a developing country, China has actively participated in plurilateral liberalization initiatives and made important contributions to relevant talks. It accepted the Information Technology Agreement (ITA) upon accession, subsequently participated in the negotiations to expand its coverage, and encouraged relevant parties to reach agreement on eliminating tariffs of 201 information technology products.
中国是《环境产品协定》谈判的发起方之一，始终以积极建设性态度参与磋商，在二十国集团领导人杭州峰会期间推动谈判达成重要共识。中国于2007年启动加入《政府采购协定》谈判，为加入该协定作出了积极努力。
As one of the initiators of the negotiations on the Environment Goods Agreement, China always participated in relevant discussions in a constructive manner, and contributed to the important consensus reached at the G20 Summit in Hangzhou. In 2007, China started the negotiation on its accession to the Agreement on Government Procurement and has been making great efforts ever since.
有力促进世贸组织新议题讨论。中国推动世贸组织积极回应投资便利化、中小微企业、电子商务等世贸组织成员普遍关注的新议题并开展相关讨论。发起成立“投资便利化之友”，引导70多个成员达成《关于投资便利化的部长联合声明》。
Mobilizing support for discussing new issues in the WTO. China has encouraged the WTO to respond to and discuss new topics of general interest to the members such as investment facilitation, micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs), and e-commerce. China initiated “Friends of Investment Facilitation for Development (FIFD)” and sponsored the Joint Ministerial Statement on Investment Facilitation for Development signed by over 70 members.
加入“中小微企业之友”，推介中国在世贸组织相关提案中关于支持中小微企业的内容。加入“电子商务发展之友”，积极推动世贸组织电子商务议题多边讨论，分享经验做法，帮助发展中成员从发展电子商务中受益。
China joined the “Friends of Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises”, and shared with other members its proposals that support MSMEs. As an advocate of multilateral discussions on e-commerce in the WTO, China joined “Friends of E-commerce for Development (FED)”, shared its experiences and helped other developing members benefit from e-commerce.
切实履行《贸易便利化协定》。作为发展中成员，中国积极推动实施《贸易便利化协定》。中国组建了国家贸易便利化委员会，各有关部门通力协作，提高贸易便利化水平。截至2017年，各省（自治区、直辖市）已经建立了贸易便利化工作联席会议制度，积极做好本地区贸易便利化相关工作。
Faithfully implementing the Trade Facilitation Agreement. As a developing member, China has actively promoted the implementation of TFA. It has set up the National Committee on Trade Facilitation to coordinate the efforts of relevant government agencies to enhance trade facilitation. By 2017, China’s provinces (as well as autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) had all established a joint committee mechanism for trade facilitation in their respective jurisdictions.
在履行该协定方面，中国的A类措施（协定生效后立即实施）所占比重达到94.5%，目前仅保留4项B类措施（协定生效后经过一定过渡期后实施）。中国将严格履行承诺，在3年过渡期后如期实施B类措施。
Regarding China’s TFA commitments, 94.5 percent of all commitments fall into Category A (immediately implemented upon entry into force of the TFA), and only four items belong to Category B (implemented after a transitional period following the TFA’s entry into force). China will honor its promise and implement all the Category B measures following a transitional period of three years after entry into force of the Agreement.
（二）有效维护争端解决机制法律地位
2. Safeguarding the dispute settlement mechanism
积极维护争端解决机制有效运转。世贸组织争端解决机制为保障国际贸易可预见性、维护多边贸易体制稳定发挥了重要作用。中国积极参与改进争端解决程序的谈判，支持世贸组织上诉机构独立公正开展上诉审议工作。针对当前个别世贸组织成员阻挠上诉机构成员遴选，中国与60多个成员联署提案，努力推动尽快启动遴选程序。
Safeguarding the effective operation of the dispute settlement mechanism. The WTO dispute settlement mechanism has played a vital role in maintaining the predictability of international trade and the stability of the multilateral trading system. China has actively participated in the negotiations on improving the Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes and supports the independence and impartiality of the WTO Appellate Body. Despite the attempt of certain WTO member to obstruct the appointment of members of the Appellate Body, China joined more than 60 members in submitting a proposal on starting the selection process at the earliest possible date.
妥善处理与其他成员的贸易纠纷。中国主张通过世贸组织争端解决机制妥善解决贸易争端。按照事项统计，截至2018年4月，中国在世贸组织起诉案件17项，已结案8项；被诉案件27项，已结案23项。
Properly handling trade disputes with other WTO members. China supports WTO members to solve their trade disputes within the WTO dispute settlement mechanism. By April 2018, China had brought 17 disputes to the WTO, of which 8 had been concluded. Meanwhile, China had been complained against in 27 disputes, of which 23 had been concluded.
中国通过主动起诉，遏制了少数世贸组织成员的不公正做法，维护了自身贸易利益和世贸规则权威。中国积极应对被诉案件，尊重并认真执行世贸组织裁决，作出了符合世贸规则的调整，无一例被起诉方申请报复的情况。
By lodging complaints in the WTO, China redressed other members’ violation of obligations under the covered agreements, and defended its own trade interests as well as the authority of WTO rules. China also actively defended the cases against it, respected the WTO rulings, and made adjustments to its measures according to WTO rules. Up to now, none of the complainants has requested for retaliation against China.
（三）深度参与贸易政策审议
3. Fully participating in trade policy review
认真接受成员的贸易政策监督。世贸组织贸易政策审议机制有助于增加多边贸易体制的透明度。中国高度重视贸易政策审议，已接受世贸组织六次审议，并正在积极准备即将于2018年7月进行的世贸组织对中国的第七次贸易政策审议。
Attaching great importance to trade policy monitoring by other WTO members. The WTO trade policy review (TPR) mechanism is effective in enhancing the transparency of the multilateral trading system. China places great emphasis on the TPR process. Having undergone six TPRs on itself, China is preparing for the seventh one in July 2018.
中国始终以开放坦诚的姿态，介绍宏观经济和贸易投资政策发展情况，听取其他成员对中国改革开放的意见和建议。世贸组织成员赞赏中国参与审议的态度，认为中国履约、合规、开放的良好形象为发挥审议机制作用树立了典范。
In an open and frank manner, China has briefed the WTO membership on its macro-economic, trade and investment policies, and listened attentively to their comments and suggestions on China’s reform and opening-up. Other WTO members applaud China’s active participation and regard China as an impressive example in reinforcing the role of TPR in monitoring commitments, ensuring compliance and enhancing openness.
敦促其他成员遵守多边贸易协定。加入世贸组织以来，中国参与世贸组织对其他成员审议近300次，向被审议成员提交书面问题和贸易关注数千项，敦促其他成员遵守世贸组织规则和有关承诺，为维护和强化审议机制功能发挥了积极作用。
Urging other WTO members to abide by multilateral trade agreements. Since its accession to the WTO, China has participated in nearly 300 TPRs on other members. It raised thousands of written questions and trade concerns to the members under review, urged them to abide by the WTO rules and their commitments, and played a positive role in safeguarding and strengthening the TPR mechanism.
