学翻译的人都知道，掌握大量西方国家的背景资料，是决定听力质量和翻译质量非常重要的一部分。而这份美国公民入籍考试试题，包含美国内容之多之全，决定了我们决不能错过。所以，请就把这当做是天堂君送给大家的新年大礼吧(*^▽^*)
这份试题共有100道，分为三个部分，九个小节，包括：美国政府（美国民主原则、政府体制、权力与责任）、美国历史（殖民期与独立、1800年代、美国近代史）和综合公民（地理、标志、假期）。而且附有音频，帮助大家练习试题听力。
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
美国政府
A. Principals of American Democracy/美国民主原则
1. What is the supreme law of the land?/美国的最高法律是什么？
答：The Constitution /宪法
2. What does the Constitution do?/宪法的作用是什么？
答：Sets up the government /建立政府体制
答：Defines the government /定义政府
答：Protects basic rights of Americans保护美国人的基本权利
3. The idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words? /宪法的前三个字说明自治的概念。这三个字是什么？
答：We the People /我们人民
4. What is an amendment?/什么是修正案？
答：A change (to the Constitution) /（宪法的）更正
答：An addition (to the Constitution) /（宪法的）补充
5. What do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?/宪法的前十项修正案称为什么？
答：The Bill of Rights /权利法案
6. What is one right or freedom from the First Amendment? /列举宪法第一条修正案中的一项权利或自由
答：Speech /言论自由
答：Religion /宗教自由
答：Assembly /集会结社的自由
答：Press /出版自由
答：Petition the government /向政府请愿的自由
7. How many amendments does the Constitution have? /宪法有几条修正案？
答：Twenty-seven (27) /二十七(27) 条
8. What did the Declaration of Independence do?/《独立宣言》的作用是什么？
答：Announced our independence (from Great Britain) /宣布美国（脱离英国而）独立
答：Declared our independence (from Great Britain) /宣告美国（脱离英国而）独立
答：Said that the United States is free (from Great Britain) / 表示美国（脱离英国而）独立
9. What are two rights in the Declarationof Independence?/列举《独立宣言》中的两项权利？
答：Life / 生命（的权利）
答：Liberty /自由（的权利）
答：Pursuit of happiness /追求幸福（的权利）
10. What is freedom of religion?/什么是宗教自由？
答：You can practice any religion, or not practice a religion. /你可以信仰任何宗教，也可以不信仰任何宗教
11. What is the economic system in the United States?/美国的经济制度是什么？
答：Capitalist economy /资本主义经济
答：Market economy /市场经济
12. What is the “rule of law”?/“法治”是什么？
答：Everyone must follow the law. /人人都应遵守法律
答：Leaders must obey the law. /领导人必须遵守法律
答：Government must obey the law. /政府必须遵守法律
答：No one is above the law. /没有任何人在法律之上
B. System of Government/政府体制
13. Name one branch or part of the government./列举政府体制的一个分支或部门
答：Congress /国会
答：Legislative /立法部门
答：President /总统
答：Executive /行政部门
答：The courts /法院
答：Judicial /司法部门
14. What stops one branch of government from becoming too powerful?/什么防止一个政府分支变得过于强大？
答：Checks and balances /制衡
答：Separation of powers /权力分立
15. Who is in charge of the executive /谁负责行政部门？
答：The President /总统
16. Who makes federal laws?/谁制定联邦法律？
答：Congress /国会
答：Senate and House (of Representatives)/参议院和众议院
答：(U.S. or national) legislature /（美国或国家）立法部门
17. What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?/美国国会由哪两个部分组成？
答：The Senate and House (of Representatives) /参议院与众议院
18. How many U.S. Senators are there?/美国参议员有几位？
答：One hundred (100) /一百(100) 位
19. We elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?/我们选出的美国参议员任职多少年？
答：Six (6) /六年
20. Who is one of your state’s U.S. Senators?/您所在州的现任一位美国参议员的名字是什么？
答：略
21. The House of Representatives has how many voting members?/众议院中有投票权的众议员有几位？
答：Four hundred thirty-five (435) /四百三十五(435) 位
22. We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?/我们选出的美国众议员任职多少年？
答：Two (2) /两（2）年
23. Name your U.S. Representative./列举您所在选区的美国众议员的名字？
答：略
24. Who does a U.S. Senator represent?/美国参议员代表何人？
答：All people of the state /其所在州的所有人民。
25. Why do some states have more Representatives than other states? /为什么有些州的众议员人数比其他州多？
答：(because of) the state’s population/（由于）该州的人口。
答：(because) they have more people /（由于）该州有更多人口。
答：(because) some states have more people /（由于）该州的人口比其他州多
26. We elect a President for how many years?/我们选出的总统任职多少年？
答：Four (4) /四(4) 年
27. In what month do we vote for President?/我们在哪一个月份选总统？
答：November /十一月
28. What is the name of the President of the United States now?/现任美国总统的名字是什么？
答：Donald Trump /唐纳德·特朗普
29. What is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?/现任美国副总统的名字是什么？
答：Mike Pence/迈克·彭斯
30. If the President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统不能视事，则由谁成为总统？
答：the Vice President /副总统
31. If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?/如果总统和副总统都不能视事，则由谁成为总统？
答：the Speaker of the House /众议院议长
32. Who is the Commander in Chief of the Military? /谁是三军统帅？
答：the President /总统
33. Who signs bills to become laws?/谁签署法案使之成为法律？
答：the President /总统
34. Who vetoes bills? /谁否决法案？
答：the President /总统
35. What does the President’s Cabinet do?/总统的内阁做什么事？
答：advises the President /向总统提出建议
36. What are two Cabinet-level positions?/两个内阁级别的职位是什么？
答：Secretary of Agriculture /农业部长
答：Secretary of Commerce /商务部长
答：Secretary of Defense /国防部长
答：Secretary of Education /教育部长
答：Secretary of Energy /能源部长
答：Secretary of Health and Human 健康与人类服务部长
答：Secretary of Homeland Security /国土安全部长
答：Secretary of Housing and Urban 住宅与都市发展部长
答：Secretary of Interior /内政部长
答：Secretary of State 国务卿
答：Secretary of Transportation/交通部长
答：Secretary of Treasury /财政部长
答：Secretary of Veterans’ Affairs /退伍军人事务部长
答：Secretary of Labor /劳工部长
答：Attorney General /司法部长
答：Vice President /副总统
37. Does the judicial branch do?/司法部门做什么？
答：Reviews laws /审查法律
答：Explains laws /解释法律
答：Resolves disputes (disagreements)/解决争论（意见不一致）
答：Decides if a law goes against the Constitution /决定某一法律是否抵触宪法
38. What is the highest court in the United States? /美国最高法院是什么？
答：The Supreme Court /联邦最高法院
39. How many justices are on the Supreme Court? /最高法院有几位大法官？
答：Nine (9) / 9 位
40. Who is the Chief Justice of the United States? /美国首席大法官是谁？
答：John Roberts (John G. Roberts, Jr.)/约翰‧罗伯兹（小约翰G.罗伯兹)
41. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the federal government. What is one power of the federal government? /根据美国宪法，有些权力属于联邦政府。联邦政府的一项权力是什么？
答：to print money /印制钞票
答：to declare war /宣战
答：to create an army /创立军队
答：to make treaties /签订条约
42. Under our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states? /根据美国宪法，有些权力属于州政府。州政府的一项权力是什么？
答：Provide schooling and education /提供学校及教育
答：provide protection (police) /提供保护(警察)
答：Provide safety (fire departments) /提供安全（消防局）
答：Give a driver’s license /核发驾驶执照
答：Approve zoning and land use /批准区划与土地使用
43. Who is the Governor of your state?/您居住州的现任州长是谁？
答：略
44. What is the capital of your state?/你所在州的首府为何？
答：略
45. What are the two major political parties in the United States? / 美国当今两大政党为何？
答：Democratic and Republican /民主党和共和党
46. What is the political party of the President now? /现任总统属于哪个政党？
答：Republican(Party) /共和党
47. What is the name of the Speaker of the House of Representatives now?/众议院的议长是谁？
答：Paul Ryan/保罗．莱恩
C. Rights and Responsibilities/权力与责任
48. There are four amendments to the Constitution about who can vote. Describe one of them./宪法中有四个关于谁可以投票的修正案。试举一个。
答：Citizens eighteen (18) and older (can vote). /十八(18) 岁以上的公民（可以投票）
答：You don’t have to pay (a poll tax) to vote. /您投票不必缴钱（缴投票税）
答：Any citizen can vote. (Women and men can vote.) /任何公民都可以投票（男性与女性都可以投票）
答：A male citizen of any race (can vote) 任何种族的男性公民（都可以投票）
49. What is one responsibility that is only for United States citizens? 列举一项美国公民才有的责任？
答：Serve on a jury /当陪审员
答：Vote /在联邦选举中投票
50. Name one right only for United States citizens./列举一项美国公民才享有的权利
答：Vote in a federal election /在联邦选举中投票的权利
答：Run for federal office /竞选公职的权利
51. What are two rights of everyone living in the United States? 每一个住在美国的人享有的两项权利是什么？
答：Freedom of expression /表达自由
答：Freedom of speech /言论自由
答：Freedom of assembly /集会结社的自由
答：Freedom to petition the government/向政府请愿自由
答：Freedom of worship /宗教崇拜的自由
答：The right to bear arms /持有武器的自由
52. What do we show loyalty to when we say the Pledge of Allegiance? 当我们宣誓效忠时，是向什么表达忠诚？
答：the United States /美利坚合众国
答：The flag /国旗
53. What is one promise you make when you become a United States citizen? /当您成为美国公民时做出的一项承诺是什么？
答：Give up loyalty to other countries /放弃效忠其他国家
答：Defend the Constitution and laws of the United States /护卫美国的宪法及法律
答：Obey the laws of the United States/遵守美国的法律
答：Serve in the U.S. military (if needed) 必要时）加入美国军队
答：Serve (do important work for) the nation (if needed) /（必要时）为国效劳（为国做重要工作）
答：Be loyal to the United States /效忠美国
54. How old do citizens have to be to vote for President? /美国公民必须几岁才能投票选举总统？
答：Eighteen (18) and older /十八(18) 岁以上
55. What are two ways that Americans can participate in their democracy?/美国人参与民主政治的两种方法是什么？（注：回答下列任何两项即可）
答：Vote /投票
答：Join a political party /加入政党
答：Help with a campaign /协助竞选活动
答：Join a civic group /加入公民团体
答：Join a community group /加入小区团体
答：Give an elected official your opinion on an issue /向民选官员提供自己对某项议题的意见。
答：Call Senators and Representatives/拨电给参议员和众议员
答：Publicly support or oppose an issue or policy /公开支持或反对某个议题或政策
答：Run for office /竞选公职
答：Write to a newspaper /向报社投函
56. When is the last day you can send in federal income tax forms? 寄送联邦所得税表的截止日期是哪一天？
答：（每年的）4月15日
57. When must all men register for the Selective Service? 所有男性到了哪个年龄必须注册「兵役登记」？
答：At age eighteen (18) /年满十八岁时
答：Between eighteen (18) and twenty-six (26) /十八(18) 岁至廿六(26) 岁之间
AMERICAN HISTORY
美国历史
A. Colonial Period and Independence/殖民期与独立
58. What is one reason colonists came to America?/殖民者当初到美国的一项理由是什么？
答：Freedom /自由
答：Political liberty /政治自由
答：Religious freedom /宗教自由
答：Economic opportunity /经济机会
答：Practice their religion /从事宗教活动
答：Escape persecution /逃避迫害
59. Who lived in America before the Europeans arrived? 欧洲人抵达美国之前，谁已经居住在美国？
答：Native Americans /美国原住民
答：American Indians /美国印第安人
60. What group of people was taken to America and sold as slaves?/哪一群人被带到美国并被贩卖为奴？
答：Africans /非洲人
答：People from Africa /来自非洲的人
61. Why did the colonists fight the British?/殖民者为何与英国作战？
答：Because of high taxes (taxation without representation) /因为高额捐税（只缴税，没有代表权）
答：Because the British army stayed in their houses (boarding, quartering)/因为英国军队住在他们的住宅内（寄宿、宿营）
答：Because they didn’t have selfgovernment/因为他们没有自治权
62. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?/《独立宣言》是谁写的？
答：(Thomas) Jefferson /（托马斯）杰斐逊（第三任总统）
63. When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?/《独立宣言》是何时通过采用的？
答：July 4, 1776 /1776 年7 月4 日
64. There were 13 original states.Name three. /美国原先有13 个州。请列举其中三个州。
答：New Hampshire /新罕布什尔
答：Massachusetts /麻萨诸塞
答：Rhode Island /罗得岛
答：Connecticut /康涅狄格
答：New York /纽约
答：New Jersey 纽泽西
答：Pennsylvania /宾夕法尼亚
答：Delaware /特拉华
答：Maryland /马里兰
答：Virginia /弗吉尼亚
答：North Carolina /北卡罗莱纳
答：South Carolina /南卡罗莱纳
答：Georgia /乔治亚
65. What happened at the Constitutional Convention? 制宪会议达成了什么事？
答：The Constitution was written. /拟定宪法
答：The Founding Fathers wrote the Constitution. /开国诸贤拟定了宪法
66. When was the Constitution written?/宪法是何时拟定的？
答：1787 年
67. The Federalist Papers supported the passage of the U.S. Constitution. Name one of the writers./《联邦论》支持美国宪法的通过。请列举一名《联邦论》的作者？
答：(James) Madison /（杰姆斯）麦迪逊（第四任总统）
答：(Alexander) Hamilton /（亚历山大）汉米顿（第一任财政部长）
答：(John) Jay /（约翰）杰伊（第一任首席大法官）
答：Publius /普布利乌斯（以上三位共同笔名）
68. What is one thing Benjamin Franklin is famous for? 班哲明‧富兰克林著称的一项事迹是什么？
答：U.S. diplomat /美国外交官
答：Oldest member of the Constitutional Convention /制宪会议年纪最长的成员
答：First Postmaster General of the United States /美国第一任邮政总局局长
答：Writer of “Poor Richard’s Almanac”/《穷人理查德年鉴》的作者
答：Started the first free libraries /开办第一个免费图书馆
69. Who is the “Father of Our Country”?/谁是「美国国父」？
答：(George) Washington /(乔治)华盛顿
70. Who was the first President?/谁是第一任总统？
答：(George) Washington /（乔治）华盛顿（任职两届）
B. 1800s 1800年代
71. What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?/美国在1803 年向法国购买哪块领地？
答：the Louisiana Territory /路易斯安那领地
答: Louisiana /路易斯安那
72. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s./列举一场美国在1800年代参与的战争。
答：War of 1812 /1812 年战争
答：Mexican-American War /美墨战争
答：Civil War /内战
答：Spanish-American War /美国与西班牙战争
73. Name the U.S. war between the North and the South. /请说出美国南方与北方之间战争的名称？
答：The Civil War /内战
答：The War between the States /州际战争
74. Name one problem that led to the CivilWar. /列举一项导致内战的问题
答：Slavery /奴隶制度
答：Economic reasons /经济原因
答：States’ rights /各州的权力问题
75. What was one important thing that Abraham Lincoln did? /亚伯拉罕‧林肯的一项重要事迹是什么？
答：Freed the slaves (Emancipation Proclamation) /解放奴隶（解放宣言）
答：Saved (or preserved) the Union /拯救（保留）联盟
答：Led the United States during the Civil War /在内战期间引领美国
76. What did the Emancipation Proclamation do? /《解放宣言》达成了什么？
答：Freed the slaves /解放了奴隶
答：Freed slaves in the Confederacy /解放了联邦制下的奴隶
答：Freed slaves in the Confederate state 解放了联邦各州的奴隶
答：Freed slaves in most Southern states 解放了南方大部分州的奴隶
77. What did Susan B. Anthony do?/苏珊B. 安东尼的事迹是什么？
答：Fought for women’s rights /为女权奋斗
答：Fought for civil rights /为民权奋斗
C.Recent American History/美国近代史
78. Name one war fought by the United States in the 1900s./列举一场美国在1900年代参与的战争？
答：World War I /第一次世界大战
答：World War II /第二次世界大战
答：Korean War /朝鲜战争
答：Vietnam War /越战
答：(Persian) Gulf War /（波斯湾）海湾战争
79. Who was President during World War I?/第一次世界大战期间的美国总统是谁？
答：(Woodrow) Wilson/（伍德罗）威尔逊
80. Who was President during the Great Depression and World War II?/美国经济大萧条和第二次世界大战期间的总统是谁？
答：(Franklin) Roosevelt/弗兰克林·罗斯福（1933至1945连任四届）
81. Who did the United States fight in World War II? /美国在第二次世界大战与哪些国家作战？
答：Japan, Germany and Italy /日本、德国、意大利
82. Before he was President, Eisenhower was a general. What war was he in?/艾森豪威尔在当总统以前是将军。他曾参加哪一场战争？
答：World War II /第二次世界大战
83. During the Cold War, what was the main concern of the United States?/在冷战期间，美国的主要顾虑是什么？
答：Communism /共产主义
84. What movement tried to end racial discrimination?/哪项运动试图结束种族歧视？
答：civil rights (movement) /民权(运动)
85. What did Martin Luther King, Jr. do?/小马丁‧路德‧金的事迹是什么？
答：Fought for civil rights /为民权奋斗
答：Worked for equality for all Americans /为所有美国人争取平等
86. What major event happened on September 11, 2001 in the United States? /美国在2001年9 月11日发生了什么重大事件？
答：Terrorists attacked the United States. 恐怖份子攻击美国
87. Name one American Indian tribe in the United States./列举一个美国印地安人部族。
答：Cherokee /切洛基（散居于奥克拉荷马与北卡罗来纳州一带，大族裔)
答：Navajo / 纳瓦荷（散居于亚利桑那州，新墨西哥州及犹他州一带，大族裔）
答：Sioux /苏
答：Chippewa /齐普瓦
答：Choctaw /乔克陶
答：Pueblo /布耶布洛
答：Apache /阿帕契
答：Iroquois /伊洛奎斯
答：Creek /库瑞克
答：Blackfeet /布雷克非特
答：Seminole /赛米诺利
答：Cheyenne /夏安
答：Arawak /阿拉瓦克
答：Shawnee /萧尼
答：Mohegan /莫希根
答：Huron /休伦
答：Oneida /欧尼达
答：Lakota /拉科塔
答：Crow /克洛
答：Teton /泰顿
答：Hopi /贺皮
答：Inuit /伊努特
INTEGRATED CIVICS
综合公民（归化试题）
A. Geography 地理
88. Name one of the two longest rivers in the United States./列举美国最长的两条河中的一条?
答：Missouri (River) /米苏里（河）
答：Mississippi (River) /密西西比（河）
89. What ocean is on the West Coast of the United States?/美国西岸濒临什么海洋？
答：Pacific (Ocean) /太平洋
90. What ocean is on the East Coast of the United States? /美国东岸濒临什么海洋？
答：Atlantic (Ocean) /大西洋
91. Name one U.S. territory./列举一个美国领地？
答：Puerto Rico /波多黎各
答：U.S. Virgin Islands /美属维京群岛
答：American Samoa /美属萨摩亚
答：Northern Mariana Islands /北马里亚纳群岛
答：Guam /关岛
92. Name one state that borders Canada./列举一个与加拿大毗连的州？
答：Maine /缅因州
答：New Hampshire /新罕布什尔州
答：Vermont /佛蒙特州
答：New York /纽约州
答：Pennsylvania /宾夕法尼亚州
答：Ohio /俄亥俄州
答：Michigan /密执安州
答：Minnesota /明尼苏达州
答：North Dakota /北达科塔州
答：Montana /蒙大拿州
答：Idaho /爱达荷州
答：Washington /华盛顿州
答：Alaska /阿拉斯加州
93. Name one state that borders Mexico./列举一个与墨西哥毗连的州？
答：California /加利福尼亚州
答：Arizona /亚利桑那州
答：New Mexico /新墨西哥州
答：Texas /得克萨斯州
94. What is the capital of the United States?/美国的首都在哪里？
答：Washington, D.C. /华盛顿哥伦比亚特区
95. Where is the Statue of Liberty?/自由女神像在哪里？
答：New York (Harbor) /纽约（港）
答：Liberty Island /自由岛
[Also acceptable are New Jersey, near New York City, and on the Hudson (River).]（回答：新泽西，纽约市附近，或在哈德逊河均属正确答案）
B. Symbols 标志
96. Why does the flag have 13 stripes?/国旗上为何有十三个横条？
答：Because there were 13 original colonies /因为最早有十三个（英国）殖民地
答：Because the stripes represent the original colonies /因为横条代表最早的殖民地
97. Why does the flag have 50 stars?/国旗上为何有五十颗星？
答：Because there is one star for each state /因为每州有一颗星
答：Because each star represents a state 因为每颗星代表一个州
答：Because there are 50 states /因为有五十个州
98. What is the name of the national anthem? /国歌的歌名为何？
答：The Star-Spangled Banner /星光灿烂的旗帜
C. Holidays 假期
99. When do we celebrate Independence Day? /我们庆祝独立纪念日是在哪一天？
答：July 4 /七月四日（1776年）
100. Name two national U.S. holidays./试述两个美国国定假日？
答：New Year’s Day /新年（元旦）
答：Martin Luther King, Jr., Day /小马丁路德金纪念日
答：Presidents’ Day /总统日
答：Memorial Day /追悼日（美国阵亡将士纪念日）
答：Independence Day /独立纪念日
答：Labor Day /劳工节
答：Columbus Day /哥伦布日
答：Veterans Day /退伍军人节
答：Thanksgiving /感恩节
答：Christmas /（耶稣）圣诞节
