2019年5月16日外交部发言人陆慷

主持例行记者会

Foreign Ministry Spokesperson Lu Kang's

Regular Press Conference on May 16, 2019

1

问：荷兰内阁昨天发布“中国政策文件”称，尽管中国是重要伙伴，但是荷兰应该以更加批判性的态度对待中国。中方如何看待荷方这份报告？报告是否将对中荷关系产生影响？

Q: Yesterday the Dutch cabinet released a policy note about its position on China, saying that although China is an important partner, the Netherlands should be more critical about it. How does China look at the report from the Netherlands? Does it have an effect possibly on the relationship between China and the Netherlands?

答：作为原则，中方一直认为，国与国之间如果要发展良好的、符合彼此共同利益的关系，就应该努力增进互信、积累共识、扩大合作成果。双方发展双边关系的努力不应动辄受到道听途说或者外界干扰的影响。

A: China believes that as a principle, to develop a sound and mutually-beneficial bilateral relationship, countries need to enhance trust, consensus and cooperation, and efforts to advance bilateral relations should not be easily influenced by hearsay or external disturbances.

我们注意到荷兰政府发布的“中国政策文件”。荷兰是中国在欧盟最重要的合作伙伴之一，中荷合作始终是两国关系的主流，而且这些年来给两国人民带来了实实在在的福祉。中方高度重视发展同荷兰的关系，也愿意同荷方继续在相互尊重、互利共赢基础上开展高水平合作。我们真诚希望荷兰方面能够客观、公正看待中国发展，能够同中方一道，维护并推动中荷关系健康、稳定发展，更好地造福两国人民。

We have noted the Dutch government's policy note about its position on China. The Netherlands is one of China's most important partners in the EU. Cooperation has been the mainstream of our bilateral relations all along, which has delivered tangible benefits to our peoples. China attaches high importance to our bilateral relations. We are ready to work with the Dutch side for high-quality cooperation based on mutual respect and win-win spirit. We sincerely hope it can view China's development in an objective and fair manner and work with China for a sound and stable bilateral relationship that brings more benefits to our peoples.

2

问：中方如何看待美国商务部涉华为公司的有关决定？这是否意味着中美贸易战升级？

Q: What is the reckoning of China to the situation with Huawei and the decision of the US Commerce Department? Is it the next step of a trade war?

答：你指的是美国商务部5月15日将华为公司及其附属公司列入管制“实体名单”吗？

A: Are you referring to the US Commerce Department's decision to add Huawei and its affiliates to its so-called Entity List？

记者澄清：是的。

The journalist clarified: yes.

据我了解，我商务部的同事今天下午可能也会就美国商务部的这一决定表明中方立场。

A: As far as I know, the Ministry of Commerce may state China's position regarding the US Commerce Department's decision this afternoon.

中方注意到美国商务部的决定。中方一贯要求企业认真严格执行国家出口管制相关法律法规，履行中方所承担的相关出口管制国际义务，在海外经营过程中，遵守所在国的法律政策，合法合规开展经营。

China has taken note of this decision. We ask our companies to follow the laws and regulations on export control and fulfill our due international obligations. We ask our companies to observe local laws and policies when doing business overseas.

但是中方坚决反对任何国家根据自己的国内法对中国的实体实施单边制裁，也反对泛化国家安全概念，滥用出口管制措施。我们敦促美方停止错误做法，为两国企业开展正常的贸易与合作创造条件，避免对中美经贸关系造成进一步冲击。中方将采取必要的措施，坚决维护中国企业合法权益。

But at the same time, we oppose the act of any country to impose unilateral sanctions on Chinese entities based on its domestic laws, and to abuse export control measures while making "national security" a catch-all phrase. We urge the US to stop its wrong practices, create conditions for Chinese and American companies to carry out normal trade and cooperation, and avoid causing more damage to bilateral economic and trade ties. The Chinese side will take necessary measures to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of our companies.

3

问：日前，美副国务卿汤普森在国会作证时称，中国投入大量资源推进核力量现代化。当前安全环境下，美方应考虑推动中国加入美俄军控协议，避免美国受到军控协议限制，而中国从中受益。中方对此有何评论？

Q: US Under Secretary of State Andrea Thompson said during a Congressional hearing that China has used a lot of resources to modernize its nuclear force. Considering the security situation at the moment, the US should encourage China to join the New START so as to avoid being restricted by the treaty while China grows its nuclear ambitions. I wonder if you have any comment?

答：我们多次回答过类似的问题。这不是美方高层人士第一次提出所谓美国应当与中国开展核裁军、核军控谈判了。坦率地说，我注意到国际军控界不少专业人士对此都有个疑问，美方究竟是想通过这样的谈判，把自己的核力量谈到中国的水平，还是把中国的核力量谈到美国的水平？在我印象中，基本还都是美国军控界专家提出这样的问题。

A: We have responded to many similar questions already. This is not the first time that a US high-level official put forth the idea of China joining the US and Russia in nuclear disarmament talks. Frankly, many nuclear disarmament experts are wondering: by engaging China in the talks, is the US trying to increase China's nuclear arsenal to its level or reduce its own nuclear arms to China's level? As I recall, most of those asking this question are American experts on arms control.

我们一向主张，拥有最大核武库的国家应该切实履行核裁军特殊、优先责任，继续执行并延长双边军控条约，以可核查、不可逆方式进一步大幅削减核武器。这是国际社会的普遍共识。美国不应当以其他国家为借口，逃避自身责任。

China believes that countries with the biggest nuclear arsenals should earnestly fulfill their special and primary responsibilities to disarmament, continue implementing and extend the bilateral disarmament treaty, and drastically cut nuclear arms in a verifiable and irreversible manner. This is also the common consensus of the international community. The US should not run away from its responsibilities by taking other countries as an excuse.

中国坚定走和平发展道路，奉行防御性国防政策。中国的国防投入合理适度，核力量始终维持在维护国家安全需要的最低水平，与美国、俄罗斯不在一个数量级，情况完全不同。在这个问题上，我们的态度很明确，中国不会参加任何三边核裁军协议的谈判。

China is committed to peaceful development and a defense policy that is defensive in nature. China maintains a reasonable and moderate national defense input. Our nuclear force is always kept at the minimum level required by national security, with an order-of-magnitude difference from that of the US and Russia, which puts things in a completely different light. On this issue, China's position is clear: we will not participate in any negotiation for a trilateral nuclear disarmament agreement.

至于美方有关人士谈到的所谓透明度问题，坦率地讲，与有关国家相比，中国不参加任何形式的核军备竞赛，不为任何其他国家提供核保护伞，不在任何其他国家部署核武器，始终恪守不首先使用核武器、不对无核武器国家和无核武器区使用核武器等承诺，这本身就是最有意义的透明，也是对国际和平与安全的重大贡献。我们希望美方也能作出这样的承诺。中方还一直积极致力于推动五核国加强核战略与核政策对话，这也是今年1月五核国北京会议的最重要共识之一。

Regarding the transparency issue brought up by the relevant individual from the US side, if you compare China with the relevant country, you will see that China does not engage in any nuclear arms race. We do not offer nuclear umbrella to or deploy nuclear weapons in other countries. We honor our commitments on not being the first one to use nuclear weapons or using them on non-nuclear states or nuclear-weapon-free zones. All those demonstrate transparency in the most meaningful way. They are also major contributions to international peace and security. We hope the US can make the same commitments. China has also been encouraging the P5 countries to step up dialogue on nuclear strategies and policies, which is one of the most important consensuses reached by P5 countries in their January meeting in Beijing.

我想重申，中方坚定致力于多边主义，始终信守国际义务和承诺，积极参与全球安全治理。我们将继续以负责任和建设性态度，与国际社会一道共同促进世界的和平与稳定。

I'd like to reiterate that being committed to multilateralism, China honors its international responsibilities and commitments and actively participates in global security governance. In a responsible and constructive spirit, we will continue to work with the international community for world peace and stability.

4

问：我们注意到，在亚洲文明对话大会期间，不少与会人士对近来出现的“文明冲突论”予以了强烈批评；有的还抨击了“文明冲突论”背后作祟的“文明优劣论”。你对此怎么看？

Q: We noted that during the Conference on Dialogue of Asian Civilizations (CDAC), many delegates lashed out at the theory of "clash of civilizations" and some also criticized its underlying viewpoint that one certain civilization is superior to another. What's your comment?

答：事实上，所谓“文明冲突论”在国际关系理论界早就为世人所摒弃。只是当人类社会已经进步到今天，居然还有人鼓吹所谓“文明优越论”和“文明冲突论”，令国际社会普遍感到震惊，更令世人不得不警惕。

A: In fact, the so-called "clash of civilizations" has long been discarded in the circle of international relations studies. But even though the human society has moved forward to where it stands today, some people still preach such ideologies as the so-called superiority of certain civilization and clash of civilizations, which is shocking and even alarming to the world.　

习近平主席昨天在亚洲文明对话大会开幕式的演讲中指出，人类只有肤色语言之别，文明只有姹紫嫣红之别，但绝无高低优劣之分。认为自己的人种和文明高人一等，执意改造甚至企图取代其他文明，在认识上是愚蠢的，在做法上是灾难性的。

As President Xi Jinping pointed out in his speech at the CDAC's opening ceremony yesterday, civilizations only vary from each other, just as human beings are different only in terms of skin color and the language used. No civilization is superior over others. The thought that one's own race and civilization are superior and the inclination to remold or replace other civilizations are just stupid. To act them out will only bring catastrophic consequences.

正如你所说，在这次亚洲文明对话大会期间，与会各国人士强烈认同习主席的上述论断。他们同样认为，不同文明是平等的，没有任何一种文明可以取代其他文明，没有任何一种文明可以对其他文明居高临下。要尊重文明的差异性、独立性和多样性。希腊总统帕夫洛普洛斯明确表示，有些人鼓噪的所谓“文明冲突论”是十分错误的，真正的文明之间不应该、也不会发生冲突对抗。

Just as you observed, what President Xi Jinping noted has been strongly echoed by all those attending the event. They agree that civilizations are all equal and no civilization can replace or be condescending to others. We should respect the uniqueness, independence and diversity of civilizations. Greek President Pavlopoulos made it clear that the so-called "clash of civilizations" trumpeted by some is a huge mistake. There should not and will not be conflict and confrontation between civilizations.

中方始终主张，只有加强文明之间的沟通对话和交流互鉴，才能实现世界的持久和平和人类的繁荣进步。构建人类命运共同体才是阳关大道。

China believes that only by stepping up communication, dialogue and exchange between civilizations can we realize lasting peace of the world and prosperity and progress of mankind. Building a community with a shared future for mankind is the right way forward.

5

问：据了解，日前尼日利亚总统发言人发布消息称，布哈里总统在会见中国企业负责人时表示，得益于中方的真诚相助，本国的基础设施正在大幅改善，感谢中国提供的实实在在的支持和帮助。总统发言人并称，相关中国企业目前正助力尼当地铁路、公路、港口等建设，在当地创造了近4万个就业岗位。请问中方有何评论？

Q: The spokesperson of the Nigerian president said when meeting with heads of Chinese enterprises, President Buhari thanked China for its sincere efforts and practical support that greatly improved Nigeria's infrastructure. He also said that Chinese companies are helping the country to build railways, highways and ports while offering nearly 40,000 local jobs. I wonder if you have any comment?

答：我们注意到有关报道，对布哈里总统的有关表态表示赞赏。我们对中方对尼日利亚的支持和帮助能够为改善尼日利亚民生、为尼日利亚经济社会发展发挥积极作用感到高兴。

A: We noted relevant reports and appreciate President Buhari's remarks. We are pleased that China's support and assistance have helped promoting the socio-economic development and improving people's livelihood in Nigeria.

尼日利亚是非洲人口最多的发展中国家，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，中尼合作平等互利，是兄弟般的南南合作。我们高度重视深化中尼合作关系，愿同尼方加强发展战略对接，更好地实现互利共赢。

Nigeria is a developing country with the biggest population in Africa and China is the largest developing country in the world. South-South cooperation between China and Nigeria is brotherly, equal-footed and mutually beneficial. China highly values our bilateral relations. We are ready to create more synergy in strategies with Nigeria for greater win-win outcomes.

6

问：加拿大政府称，加拿大公民康明凯和迈克尔已经被中方正式逮捕。他们是何时被逮捕的？被转移到了哪里？针对加方发表声明强烈谴责中方任意逮捕二人并要求中方立刻放人，中方有何回应？

Q: The Canadian government said that Canadians Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor have been formally arrested. When did this take place? Where have they been transferred to? What is the response of the Chinese government to the Canadian statement saying that Canada strongly condemns their arbitrary arrest and reiterates its demand that China immediately release the two men?

答：关于第一个问题，经中国检察机关批准，康明凯因涉嫌为境外刺探国家秘密和情报犯罪，迈克尔因涉嫌为境外窃取、非法提供国家秘密犯罪，确实已于近日被依法逮捕。

A: To answer your first question, as approved by the Chinese procuratorial organ, Michael Kovrig was arrested according to law for suspected crimes in secretly gathering state secrets and intelligence for foreign forces, and Michael Spavor was arrested for suspected crimes in stealing and illegally providing state secrets to foreign forces.

关于第二个问题，我必须正告加拿大方面，我们已多次介绍过有关情况，中国依法对你提到的两个加拿大公民采取强制措施，现在中国检察机关也是依法批准对他们进行逮捕。中国一向依法行事，希望加拿大方面不要对中方依法办案说三道四。

As to your second question, I need to make it clear to the Canadian side that, like we said on previous occasions, China has taken compulsory measures on the two Canadians in accordance with law and the Chinese procuratorial organ has lawfully approved their arrest. The actions we have taken are entirely law-based. We hope the Canadian side does not make irresponsible remarks on it.

7

问：康明凯和迈克尔是哪天被逮捕的？他们的具体罪名是什么？能否告知他们现在的位置？

Q: When were Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor arrested? On what charges? Can you tell us where they are now?

答：关于第二个问题，康明凯因涉嫌为境外刺探国家秘密和情报犯罪，迈克尔因涉嫌为境外窃取、非法提供国家秘密犯罪而被依法实施逮捕。

A: On your second question, Michael Kovrig was arrested according to law for suspected crimes in secretly gathering state secrets and intelligence for foreign forces, and Michael Spavor was arrested for suspected crimes in stealing and illegally providing state secrets to foreign forces.

关于第一个问题，根据我所掌握的情况，他们是近日被依法逮捕的。

On your first question, as far as I know, the arrest took place recently.

第三个问题，我现在没有可以向你提供的情况。

On your third question, I have nothing to update you at the moment.

8

问：你能否证实他们已经进入正式指控阶段？

Q: Could I just clarify are those formal charges against them or are those still allegations against them?

答：我刚才已经说过，康明凯因涉嫌为境外刺探国家秘密和情报犯罪，迈克尔因涉嫌为境外窃取、非法提供国家秘密犯罪而被依法逮捕。

A: Like I just said, Michael Kovrig was arrested according to law for suspected crimes in secretly gathering state secrets and intelligence for foreign forces, and Michael Spavor was arrested for suspected crimes in stealing and illegally providing state secrets to foreign forces.

问：你刚刚表示中方将采取措施维护中国企业的合法权益，具体是指什么措施？

Q: In the previous answer relating to the Huawei matter, you said China will take measures to safeguard Chinese businesses' legitimate interests. Can you give us an idea of what those measures might involve?

答：我的商务部同事今天应该会回答记者的提问。大家可以看到，实际上不光是华为，在中外开展贸易投资合作的过程中，一方面，中方要求中国企业在投资经营所在国遵守当地法律法规；另一方面，如果中国企业受到不公正待遇，中方当然有权利采取必要措施，维护自身合法权益。

A: The Ministry of Commerce may answer this question during its press conference today. As you know, when carrying out investment and trade with other countries, China asks all Chinese companies including Huawei to observe local laws and regulations. But if our companies are treated unfairly, we are definitely entitled to take necessary measures to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

10

问：15日，美国财长姆努钦表示，美中双方在第十一轮高级别经贸磋商中进行了建设性会谈，他和莱特希泽贸易代表期待在不远的未来前往北京继续磋商。请问中方是否已向美方发出了邀请？

Q: US Treasury Secretary Mnuchin said on May 15 that China and the US had constructive discussions in the 11th round of trade talks. He and US Trade Representative Lighthizer will likely travel to Beijing soon to continue negotiations. Has China sent a invitation to the US?

答：在国际事务中，中方从来都主张通过对话协商解决分歧。对中美经贸关系中存在的问题，中方也一直认为通过对话解决问题才是正道。大家都看到，此前中美经贸磋商过程中，即使由于美方背离了谈判应有的准则而使磋商遇到困难时，中方还是尽可能显示了建设性的态度。国际社会对此有目共睹。

A: China stands for dialogue and consultation when dealing with differences in international affairs. When it comes to economic and trade relations between China and the US, we also believe dialogue holds the key to all issues. As you may have noted in previous trade talks, the US repeatedly rejected rules in consultations and brought difficulties to the talks, while China, on the other hand, has been acting in a constructive spirit all along. The international community bears witness to all this.

但我必须强调的是，谈判磋商要有意义，就必须有诚意。从美方此前谈判中的表现看，我们必须强调两点：一是必须讲原则，就是必须相互尊重、平等互利。二是必须守信用，就是必须言行一致，不得翻手为云、覆手为雨。

I have to emphasize that it takes sincerity to make a consultation meaningful. Judging from what the US did in previous talks, there are two things we have to make clear. First, we need to follow the principle of mutual respect, equality and mutual benefit. Second, words must be matched with deeds. Flip-flopping is the last thing we need.

11

问：既然迈克尔和康明凯已经被正式起诉，他们是否获准见律师？

Q: Now that Michael Kovrig and Michael Spavor have been formally charged, have they been provided access to a lawyer?

答：从此案一开始，我们就说过，今天我仍然可以负责任地告诉你，中国司法机关依法办案，他们的合法权益得到充分保障。

A: We have been saying this from the very beginning. Today I can still responsibly reassure you that the Chinese judicial authorities handle the case in accordance with law. Their lawful rights and interests are fully guaranteed.

12

问：关于华为。在当前中美经贸摩擦背景下，中方对此怎么看？你刚才提到是美国商务部的决定，但考虑到这是美国总统签署的行政令，中方是否认为这意味着贸易战升级？

Q: Just another question on the Huawei matter. How does the Chinese government view this in the context of trade relations? You mentioned it's the US Commerce Department who did this, but considering it is an executive order signed by the president, is it viewed as a major escalation on the part of the US president personally?

答：刚才我已经说过中方对企业赴海外经营所持立场。我们也说过，我们坚决反对任何国家以泛化国家安全的理由，对其他国家企业采取歧视性、不公平的做法。如果出现这种情况，中方当然会采取必要的措施维护自身的合法权益。

A: I've told you China's position on our companies' operation overseas. As we said, we oppose the act of any country to abuse "national security" reasons and take unfair, discriminatory measures on Chinese entities. If any country does so, China will definitely take necessary measures to safeguard its legitimate rights and interests.

至于你问到中方怎么看待美方行政令，我想从你的问题就可以看出来，没有人会把它看成是建设性和友好的姿态。

As for how China views the executive order, your question clearly shows that no one is seeing it as a constructive and friendly gesture.

13

问：外界猜测，美此举对华为来说可能产生损害。中方对此是否感到担忧？

Q: There has been speculation that the US action could be damaging to Huawei. Is China concerned about that?

答：中国政府当然关心中国企业的合法权益。中国政府也会为维护中国企业合法权益采取必要的措施。

A: Of course the Chinese government cares for the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese companies. We will take necessary measures to safeguard their legitimate rights and interests.

14

问：还是关于华为。很多人担心，中方或许会为此采取反制措施，比如专门针对一些美国在华企业。中方是否考虑这样做？

Q: A follow-up on Huawei. There is a lot of concern that China might retaliate or single out certain US companies operating here for penalties in response to this. Is that something China would do?

答：我已经说过，中国政府会采取必要的措施维护我们企业合法权益。

A: As I said, the Chinese government will take necessary measures to safeguard our companies' legitimate rights and interests.

至于外国在华企业，只要他们合法经营，就不必要担忧。但我必须强调，国家间经贸投资关系必须建立在平等互利、相互尊重的基础之上。

As for the foreign companies in China, they don't need to be concerned at all as long as they abide by the law. But there's something I must emphasize: trade and investment relations between countries must be based on equality, mutual benefit and mutual respect.