我国外交及教育部门先后发布赴美留学及旅游预警；
四川宜宾市长宁县发生6.0级地震；
沪伦通正式启动；
科创板开板；
上海公布最严垃圾分类制度；
首个大熊猫国际形象出炉；
整治不规范地名行动在全国引发热议；
第一批鼓励仿制药品目录建议清单发布；
二十国集团领导人峰会在日本大阪举行。
联邦快递
FedEx
The State Post Bureau said it recently received complaints from an unspecified number of FedEx clients saying FedEx rerouted their parcels to destinations other than the designated addresses without informing them or asking for permission.
国家邮政局表示，近日接到用户投诉，美国联邦快递在未经用户同意、也没有告知用户的情况下，擅自将快件转寄他地，未按名址投递相关快件。
【单词讲解】
这里的reroute是由前缀re-和单词route构成的，route除了用作名词时表示“路线”之外，也可以用作动词，表示“按特定路线发送（乘客、货物、车辆等）”，比如：We should route the parcels to their designated addresses.（我们应该把这些包裹发送到指定的地址。）Route前面加了表示“再次、重新”的前缀re-，自然就表示“路线被重新设定；更改路线”等意思，比如：Our shuttle bus was rerouted lately bacause of a construction site on our regular route.（因为常规路线上在施工，我们的班车最近该路线了。）
This has seriously violated relevant laws and regulations of China's express industry and harmed the legitimate rights of Chinese clients, so the Chinese authorities decided to launch the investigation, Ma Junsheng, the bureau head, said in a statement on its website on Sunday.
国家邮政局局长马军胜说，这一行为严重违反了我国快递业有关法规，损害了用户合法权益，所以，国家有关部门决定立案调查。
马军胜说，这是针对用户交寄的核心条款，要求从事快递服务的企业一定按约定的地址、收件人（the service provider must deliver parcels to designated addresses and receivers），以及收件人的代收人，进行当面的投递。如果违反这一条款，损害了用户权益，邮政管理部门有权进行查处。
美国当地时间6月1日，联邦快递通过官方网站回应：
FedEx values our business in China. Our relationship with Huawei Technologies and our relationships with all of our customers in China are important to us. FedEx holds itself to a very high standard of service. FedEx will fully cooperate with any regulatory investigation into how we serve our customers.
联邦快递高度重视我们在中国的业务。与华为技术有限公司以及所有中国客户的关系，对我们十分重要。联邦快递要求自己为客户提供高标准的服务。我们将全力配合任何监管机构对联邦快递的客户服务进行调查。
马军胜指出，我国快递市场巨大，发展快、潜力大，我们欢迎各国来投资发展。但前提是遵守中国法律法规（foreign coumpanies should obey local laws and regulations when operating in China），遵守市场规则和契约精神，不能出于非商业目的来阻断正常的快递服务（express service providers should never interrupt normal services for noncommercial purposes），损害中国企业的合法权益。我们衷心希望国外企业严格遵守中国快递业法规，依法经营，加强服务质量管控和运营管理，合规地提供快递服务。
婴幼儿配方乳粉
baby formula
国家发展和改革委、工业和信息化部、农业农村部、卫生健康委、市场监管总局、商务部、海关总署联合制定并印发了《国产婴幼儿配方乳粉提升行动方案》。
The quality of domestic baby formula is expected to keep improving to meet the demand from domestic consumers, according to the plan.
方案提出，力争国产婴幼儿配方乳粉品质稳步提升，满足国内消费者的需求。
【单词讲解】
Formula这个词用法比较广，除了这里的“配方奶粉”以外，还可以表示我们学习数理化时会用到的“公式、方程式、分子式”，比如：mathematical formula（数学公式）、 the formula for a substance（某个物质的分子式）等。此外，formula还可以用来表示“方案、方法”，比如：a formula to unify the divided peninsula（半岛统一方案）。当然，我们还不能忘了，赛车领域的“级、方程式”也是用formula来表示的，比如Formula 1 racing cars（一级方程式赛车）。
方案提出的行动目标是：
大力实施国产婴幼儿配方乳粉“品质提升、产业升级、品牌培育”行动计划，国产婴幼儿配方乳粉产量稳步增加，更好地满足国内日益增长的消费需求，力争婴幼儿配方乳粉自给水平稳定在 60%以上（baby formula produced domestically is expected to account for more than 60 percent of the total supply）；
产品质量安全可靠，品质稳步提升，消费者信心和满意度明显提高（consumers' confidence and satisfaction in domestic products will be significantly improved）；
产业结构进一步优化（industrial structure further upgraded），行业集中度和技术装备水平继续提升；
产品竞争力进一步增强（product competitiveness strengthened），市场销售额显著提高，中国品牌婴幼儿配方乳粉在国内市场的排名明显提升。
方案指出，在企业现有质量安全追溯体系的基础上，逐步建立全国统一的婴幼儿配方乳粉质量安全追溯平台（unified national quality tracing platform for baby formula products），实现全过程、电子化信息查询追溯，力争三年内实现质量安全追溯体系建设覆盖60%以上婴幼儿配方乳粉企业（more than 60% of baby formula producers will be included in the tracing system），并与国家重要产品质量追溯平台对接。
同时，建立婴幼儿配方乳粉食品安全生产规范体系检查常态化机制（establish a regular inspection mechanism of product safety），用3年时间完成新一轮生产企业全面检查，强化对生产环境、生产质量管理体系运行、原料查验和检验检测能力等方面的检查，指导企业规范管理。
此外，方案要求，强化政策引导，鼓励各地通过企业并购（merger）、协议转让（transfer）、联合重组（joint reorganization）、控股参股等多种方式开展婴幼儿配方乳粉企业兼并重组，淘汰落后产能。
鼓励有实力、信誉好的企业在国外设立加工厂（set up factory overseas），并将生产的产品以自有品牌原装进口。鼓励国外乳粉企业在国内设立外商投资企业（encourage foreign enterprises to set up ventures in China），促进中国品牌与外国品牌公平竞争，引入国外先进的生产技术及管理经验（introduce advanced technologies and management ideas），丰富国内产品供应。
旅游警示
travel alert
继教育部发布赴美留学预警之后，文化和旅游部以及外交部也发出了近期希望中国公民游客谨慎前往美国旅游的警示。
The alert from the education ministry states that the visa applications of some Chinese hoping to study in the United States have recently been restricted, with an extended review process, shortened validity period, and an increased rejection rate, which have affected their plans to study in the United States or the completion of their studies there.
教育部的预警指出，一段时间以来，中方部分赴美留学人员的签证受到限制，出现签证审查周期延长、有效期缩短以及拒签率上升的情况，对中方留学人员正常赴美学习或在美顺利完成学业造成影响。
教育部国际合作与交流司副司长徐永吉透露，2019年第一季度中国公派赴美留学拒签率高达13.5%。
According to the China Scholarship Council, 182 government-funded students and scholars failed to get into the US because of visa restrictions from January to March－13.5 percent of the total. Only 3.2 percent of the total 10,313 government-funded students and scholars were unable to go to the US as a result of visa restrictions in 2018.
根据国家留学基金管理委员会的统计，2019年1月至3月，中方公派赴美留学的人员中，有182人因签证问题未能成行，占计划派出逾13.5%。而2018年，中方计划公派赴美留学10313人，其中因签证问题无法按原计划赴美人数仅占计划派出人员数量的3.2%。
6月4日下午，国务院新闻办公室举行专题新闻发布会。发布会上，文化和旅游部发布了关于中国游客近期谨慎前往美国旅游的提醒。
Noting the frequent occurrence of shootings, robberies and theft in the United States recently, the ministry warned Chinese tourists to fully assess the risks of traveling there. Chinese tourists are urged to learn about the information about the public security situation and related laws and regulations of tourist destinations, to raise safety awareness and step up precautions to stay safe.
近期，美国枪击、抢劫、盗窃案件频发。文化和旅游部提醒中国游客充分评估赴美旅游风险，及时了解旅游目的地治安、法律法规等信息，切实提高安全防范意识，确保平安。
The travel alert is valid until Dec. 31, 2019.
本提醒有效期至2019年12月31日。
发布会上，外交部也发布了赴美安全提醒。
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Chinese embassy in the United States reminded citizens traveling to the US and Chinese companies in the US to step up their safety awareness and preventative measures and respond appropriately and actively.
外交部和中国驻美国使领馆提醒赴美国的中国公民和在美国中资机构，提高安全意识，注意加强防范，妥善积极应对。
提醒指出：
US law enforcement agencies have harassed Chinese citizens traveling to or leaving the country through entry-and-exit interrogations and "drop-in" interviews, the department said, advising people to call the embassy or local consulate in case of emergency.
近期，美国执法机构多次采取出入境盘查、上门约谈等多种方式骚扰赴美中国公民。外交部和中国驻美国使领馆称，如遇紧急情况，请及时与中国驻美国使领馆联系寻求协助。
外交部全球领事保护与服务应急热线（24小时）：+86-10-12308或+86-10-59913991。
本提醒有效期至2019年12月31日。
外交部回应
在6月4日的外交部例行记者会上，有记者提问：我们看到，昨天中国教育部发布了赴美留学预警。美方表示，拒绝中方无端指责，但没有采取相应行动。中方如何回应？另外，我们刚刚也看到，中国文化和旅游部首次发布中国游客赴美旅游安全提醒。中方发布这两个提醒，希望传递怎样的信息？
外交部发言人耿爽回答：
Relevant authorities have already responded to questions on yesterday's warning by the Ministry of Education. Regarding the US response, the US knows better than anyone the things it has done, the barriers set up and their impact.
关于昨天中国教育部发布的留学预警，有关单位的负责人已经回答了记者的提问。对于美方的回应，我想指出的是，美方到底做了什么事情、设置了哪些障碍、造成了哪些影响，他们心里应该很清楚。
For some time, the US has been politicizing normal education exchange and cooperation with China on the pretext of the so-called "China threat" and "Chinese infiltration". For example, it falsely accuses Confucius Institutes as a tool to expand political influence and spread Chinese values, accuses some Chinese students and academics of carrying out "non-conventional espionage activities" and wantonly harasses them, and imposes visa restrictions on Chinese students majoring in certain disciplines. It reviewed and revoked some Chinese citizens' visa under the pretext of counterintelligence and recently canceled the 10-year visa for some Chinese academics studying China-US relations. These examples show clearly how US actions have severely affected bilateral exchange in education and other people-to-people and cultural sectors.
一段时间以来，美方以“中国威胁”、“中国渗透”为由，将正常的中美教育交流合作活动政治化。比如说，美方诬蔑孔子学院为中国在美扩张政治影响、进行价值传播的工具；比如说，美方诬陷一些中国学生学者在美开展“非传统间谍”活动并对他们进行无端滋扰；比如说，美方对中国部分专业赴美学生进行签证限制。他们还以反间谍为由吊销或重新审查了一些中方赴美人员签证，近期还取消了一批中方从事中美关系研究学者赴美十年签证。我想这些事例都充分说明，美方的所作所为对中美教育领域的交流合作，以及两国人文交流造成了严重冲击和影响。
I need to emphasize that China always supports international student exchange and other education and people-to-people cooperation, including with the US. However, such cooperation should not be one-way, but should be based on mutual readiness and mutual respect.
我同时也要强调，中方始终支持同包括美国在内的世界各国开展留学生交流以及教育人文领域的合作。但是这种合作不应该是单向的，而应该本着相互尊重的态度，基于双方共同的意愿。
As to the tourism reminder issued by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism this afternoon, I believe it is only necessary in light of current circumstances. China would not have done so were it not necessary.
至于你提到的今天下午中国文化和旅游部发布的旅游提醒，我想，这也是形势使然。如果没有这个必要性，中方也不会这么做。
For some time, US law enforcement agencies have been harassing Chinese citizens with interrogation upon entry or exit and on-site interviews, among other forms. Therefore the Ministry of Culture and Tourism issued the tourism reminder, and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Chinese Embassy and consulates in the US decided to issue the safety reminder to raise safety awareness. That, I believe, is what a responsible government should do.
一段时间以来，美国执法机构多次采取出入境盘查、上门约谈等方式骚扰赴美中国公民。文化和旅游部发布旅游提醒，外交部和中国驻美国使领馆发布“在美国注意安全”安全提醒，我想这完全是一个负责任的政府应该做的事情。
At the same time I would like to stress that China keeps an open attitude towards normal people-to-people and cultural exchange with the US, but it should be based on mutual respect.
同时我要强调，中方对中美之间正常的人员往来、正常的人文交流始终持积极开放态度，但这种往来交流应该建立在相互尊重的基础之上。
中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系
China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era
国家主席习近平5日在莫斯科克里姆林宫同俄罗斯总统普京会谈。两国元首高度评价建交70年来双边关系发展，一致同意秉持睦邻友好、合作共赢理念，发展中俄新时代全面战略协作伙伴关系（China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination for a new era），将两国关系提升到更高水平，更好惠及两国人民和世界人民。
Xi noted that it is his first state visit to Russia following his re-election as Chinese president last year, and is the eighth time he travelled to the country since 2013, saying that the China-Russia relationship is seeing a continuous, steady and sound development at a high level, and is at its best in history.
习近平指出，这是我连任国家主席后，首次对俄罗斯进行国事访问，也是2013年以来第八次到访俄罗斯。当前，中俄关系在高水平上持续、稳定、健康发展，处于历史最好时期。
Both sides, said Xi, have firmly supported each other in their efforts to defend respective core interests and nurtured strong political and strategic mutual trust, adding that they have actively pushed forward all-around cooperation as internal driving forces of bilateral ties are emerging, and the convergence of the two countries' interests is deepening.
双方坚定支持对方维护本国核心利益，政治和战略互信坚实牢固；积极推进各领域合作，两国关系内生动力不断显现，利益交融日益深化。
China and Russia have played active roles in international affairs and global governance, and made important contributions to maintaining world peace and stability as well as international fairness and justice, he said.
双方积极参与国际事务和全球治理，为维护世界和平稳定和国际公平正义发挥了重要建设性作用。
The Chinese leader noted that this year marks the 70th anniversary of the China-Russia diplomatic relationship, calling it a milestone and a new starting point.
习近平强调，今年是中俄建交70周年。70年是里程碑，也是新起点。
Acknowledging the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century, Xi said China and Russia shoulder an even greater expectation from the peoples of the two countries and the international community.
身处世界百年未有之大变局，中俄承载着两国人民和国际社会的更大期待。
He added that the Chinese side is ready to join Russia in amplifying the positive effect of the two countries' high level of political relationship, bringing more benefits of bilateral cooperation to the two peoples, and presenting more China-Russia options for global affairs.
中方愿同俄方携手努力，不断放大两国高水平政治关系的积极效应，让两国人民在双方合作中有更多获得感，在国际事务中贡献更多“中俄方案”。
Noting that the world today is becoming increasingly uncertain and unstable, Xi said enhancing the China-Russia relationship is the call of history, and a firm strategic choice by both sides.
习近平指出，当今世界不稳定性不确定性上升。加强中俄关系是历史的召唤，是双方坚定不移的战略选择。
He called on the two sides to strengthen strategic communication and coordination, and further their mutual support on issues regarding their respective core interests.
双方要增进战略沟通和协作，加大在涉及彼此核心利益问题上的相互支持。
Xi also urged the two countries to further promote their economic and trade cooperation, push forward cooperation on major strategic projects as well as in emerging fields at the same time, and boost cooperation at local levels, and in economy and trade, investment, energy, technology, aerospace, inter-connectivity, agriculture and finance sectors.
要促进两国经贸合作全面提质升级，推进两国战略性大项目和新兴领域合作同步发展，加强经贸、投资、能源、科技、航空航天、互联互通、农业、金融、地方等领域合作。
The two sides, according to Xi, should actively push forward their cooperation to dock the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Eurasian Economic Union so as to promote regional economic integration.
要积极推进共建“一带一路”同欧亚经济联盟对接合作，致力于促进地区一体化和区域经济融合发展。
To step up people-to-people exchanges, Xi said the plan for the China-Russia year of scientific and technological innovation from 2020 to 2021 should be well designed.
要加强人文交流，设计好2020年至2021年中俄科技创新年活动方案。
He said China and Russia, both permanent members of the UN Security Council, are going to continue working with the international community to safeguard the international order that is based on the international law with the UN at the core, maintain multilateral trading system and make new contributions to the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.
中俄作为联合国安理会常任理事国，将继续同国际社会一道，坚定捍卫以联合国为核心、以国际法为基础的国际体系，维护多边贸易体制，为纷繁复杂的国际形势注入强大正能量，为构建人类命运共同体作出新贡献。
Putin warmly welcomed Xi for his visit, saying that with joint efforts from both sides since the establishment of diplomatic ties 70 years ago, the Russia-China relationship has reached an unprecedented high level, and the two countries' all-around exchanges and cooperation have been fruitful.
普京表示，热烈欢迎老朋友习近平主席访问俄罗斯。建交70年来，在双方共同努力下，俄中关系达到前所未有的高水平，全方位交流合作富有成效。
The Russia-China comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination has not only benefited the two peoples, but has also become an important force for safeguarding global security and strategic stability, he said.
俄中建立起名符其实的全面战略协作伙伴关系，不仅造福了两国人民，也成为维护全球安全和战略稳定的重要力量。
Putin called on the two countries not to be complacent about what they have achieved, but be dedicated to bettering their bilateral relations.
我们不能满足已取得的成就，还要把两国关系发展得更好。
Xi's visit is of great significance in the complicated and volatile international situation, and it will inject strong impetus into the development of the Russia-China ties in the new era, Putin said.
在当前复杂多变的国际形势下，习近平主席此访意义重大，将为新时代俄中关系发展注入强大动力。
Russia and China should continue to strengthen coordination on major international and regional issues, jointly deal with the challenges of unilateralism and protectionism, and maintain global peace and stability.
俄中两国要继续加强在重大国际和地区问题上的协调协作，共同应对单边主义、保护主义带来的挑战，维护世界和平与稳定。
The Russian leader said his country is committed to deepening cooperation with China in the fields of economy and trade, agriculture, finance, science and technology, environment protection, telecommunications and infrastructure construction. Russia is willing to boost interactions at local levels, and promote exchanges in education, culture and tourism, according to him.
俄方致力于同中国深化经贸、农业、金融、科技、环保、通信、基础设施建设等领域合作。加大地方交往，增进教育、文化、旅游等人文交流。
Putin also said Russia is ready to provide China with sufficient oil and gas, and export more soybeans and other farm produce to China, and expects a faster alignment between the Eurasian Economic Union and the BRI.
俄方愿向中方提供充足的油气能源，愿增加对华出口大豆等农产品，希望加快欧亚经济联盟同“一带一路”的对接。
电子收费
ETC
With all expressway lanes capable of offering electronic toll collection (ETC) service by October, more than 90 percent of vehicles on expressways in China should be able to use the ETC system by year-end, the action plan said.
方案提出，2019年10月底前，所有车道均具备ETC服务功能，到今年年底，高速公路不停车快捷收费率达到90%以上。
【单词讲解】
ETC（electronic toll collection），即“电子收费”，在公路收费领域一般被称为“电子不停车快捷收费”。实现ETC收费需要在收费站设置电子识别设备（electronic readers），车辆上要安装应答器（transponders），驾驶员还需要提前在银行办理专门的信用卡作为高速公路通行费的扣款账户（declining-balance account）。
Toll这个词可以直接表示“（道路、桥梁）通行费”，所以，没有必要说toll fee，“收费站”就可以用toll gate、toll booth表示，咱们国家一些法定节假日期间小型车辆高速公路免费通行则可以说Most expressways in the country are going toll free for passenger cars with fewer than seven seats during the holiday period. 此外，在有关灾难事故的新闻报道中见到的toll则表示“（伤亡）人数”，比如death toll（死亡人数）、the toll of dead and injured mounted（伤亡人数增加）。
根据安排，2019年7月1日起，对ETC用户实施不少于5%的车辆通行费基本优惠（granting a discount of no less than 5 percent off expressway tolls for ETC users），各省份对通行本区域的ETC车辆实行无差别基本优惠政策。
2019年10月底前，所有车道均具备ETC服务功能，其中大中城市、新建城镇、旅游景区周边收费站ETC专用车道占比不低于70%（the proportion of ETC lanes should be no less than 70 percent by the end of October for big and medium-sized cities, new towns and sites near scenic spots）。
到今年年底，全国ETC用户数量将突破1.8亿，ETC车道将成为主要收费车道（ETC lanes will become the mainstream），货车实现不停车收费（allow nonstop passage of freight vehicles），所有人工收费车道支持移动支付（mobile payment）等电子收费方式。
自2020年1月1日起，除国务院另有规定外，各类通行费减免等优惠政策均依托ETC系统实现。同时鼓励社会资本参与发行，通过积分（collecting points）、打折（offering discounts）、返利（cash refund）、红包等形式优惠用户通行。
2020年12月底前，基本实现机场、火车站、客运站、港口码头等大型交通场站停车场景ETC服务全覆盖（full coverage of ETC service at airports, railway stations, bus hubs and ports）。推广ETC在居民小区、旅游景区等停车场景的应用。
到2025年，全国ETC用户数量将进一步提升，建成技术先进、制度完善、服务优质、运行稳定的高速公路电子不停车快捷收费体系（establishing an technologically advanced and stable electronic toll system for China's expressways that is well organized and able to provide quality services）。
新能源汽车
new energy vehicle
China has released a guideline to encourage the consumption of new energy vehicles (NEVs) to promote high-quality development of the sector and form a strong domestic market.
我国发布指导方案鼓励新能源汽车销售，促进该行业高质量发展，形成强大的国内市场。
【名词解释】
新能源汽车（new energy vehicles，NEVs）指采用新型动力系统，完全或主要依靠新型能源驱动的汽车，具有能耗低（low energy consumption）、污染物排放少（low pollutant emission）等特点，主要包括插电式混合动力汽车（plug-in hybrid electric vehicle，简称PHEV）、纯电动汽车(battery electric vehicles ,简称BEV)和燃料电池汽车（fuel-cell electric vehicles）。
方案提出，严禁各地出台新的汽车限购规定，坚决破除乘用车消费障碍。各地应大力推动新能源汽车消费使用，不得对新能源汽车实行限行、限购（local governments are strictly prohibited from imposing any limit on the consumption and use of NEVs），已实行的应当取消。
方案还提出鼓励地方对无车家庭购置首辆家用新能源汽车给予支持（support for the purchase of first NEVs of car-free families），鼓励有条件的地方在停车费等方面给予新能源汽车优惠等。
此外，方案也提出了大幅降低新能源汽车成本（lower the cost of NEVs production）、稳步推动智能汽车创新发展（promote innovative development of smart vehicles）、持续提升汽车节能环保性能（increase energy efficiency）等方面的内容。
宠物注射芯片
chipping pets
深圳市城市管理和综合执法局表示，2019年下半年，深圳将开始为全市所有犬只注射芯片。
The microchip is about the size of a grain of rice and inserted underneath the dog's skin right between the shoulder blades, according to Feng Zengjun, deputy director of Shenzhen Urban Administration and Law Enforcement Bureau. "The chip can migrate on the pet's body and poses no harm to the dogs."
深圳市城市管理和综合执法局副局长冯增军介绍，芯片只有米粒那么大，而犬只的皮和肉之间有空隙，芯片注射其中，可以在犬只的身上游走，不会对犬只造成伤害。
【单词讲解】
中文里，不同的名词前面使用不用的量词，在英语里也是一样的。这里提到的“一粒米”用的是a grain of rice，其他常见的食品量词，我们再多补充几个：
a scoop of ice cream 一个冰淇淋球 （注意，不可用ball）
a slice of pizza 一块披萨
a bar of chocolate 一块巧克力
a loaf of bread 一个面包
a cube of sugar 一块方糖
a handful of corn 一把玉米
a crate of bananas 一箱香蕉
a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄
a dash of salt 少量盐
a clove of garlic 一瓣蒜
冯增军表示，犬只注射芯片有不少好处，芯片证明了狗的唯一性，名贵犬只走丢，执法人员发现后，一扫就知道基本信息（the basic information of each dog can be scanned），有助于失主快速寻回犬只。同时，芯片也可督促养狗人尽责（remind owners to better discipline their dogs），犬只肇事后也跑不掉。
Shenzhen will also borrow experience from Hong Kong to establish pet corners across the city for dog lovers to communicate with each other.
深圳还将借鉴香港的经验，开辟宠物角，爱犬人士可以去那里遛狗、交流。
在为养犬人提供便利服务的同时，城管部门也将严格执法，全面规范养犬行为。“所有的犬只带到户外，必须牵绳（all dogs must be walked on leashes in the open air），同时，也会严格查处犬只造成的环境污染，狗大小便需及时清理（dog droppings must be immediately cleaned）。”
安宁疗护
hospice care
China hopes to soon expand an end-of-life care program across the country after a successful pilot program, the National Health Commission said.
国家卫健委表示，在前期试点成功的基础上，我国有望尽快将安宁疗护工作推广到全国。
The pilot program was first launched in five cities and municipal districts, including Haidian District in Beijing, Putuo District in Shanghai and Changchun in the northeastern province of Jilin, in 2017.
安宁疗护试点工作于2017年率先在全国5个市区展开，包括北京市海淀区，上海市普陀区以及吉林省长春市。
【名词解释】
安宁疗护（hospice care/end-of-life care）是旨在为疾病终末期或老年患者在临终前提供身体、心理、精神等方面的照料（attend to the physical, emotional and sometimes spiritual needs of the terminally ill or elderly patients）和人文关怀，控制痛苦和不适症状（focus on palliation of their pain and symptoms），提高生命质量，帮助患者舒适、安祥、有尊严的离世（help them die with more comfort and dignity）。
“健康中国2030（Healthy China 2030）”规划纲要当中明确提出，要构建治疗期住院、康复期护理、稳定期生活照料，以及安宁疗护的综合连续的老年健康服务体系（build a comprehensive and continuous elderly care service system that includes treatment, rehabilitation care,daily life care and hospice care）。
A total of 283,000 patients received end-of-life care across the country in 2018, according to an NHC meeting held on June 3.
国家卫健委在6月3日的一次会议上指出，2018年，我国共有28.3万人接受了安宁疗护。
王海东称，今年即将出台建立完善老年健康服务体系的指导意见，安宁疗护是其中一个重要方面，还要完善一些标准规范，比如说要制定出台安宁疗护进入的指导标准、安宁疗护用药的指导、专家共识（guidelines for end-of-life care services that include access requirements, medication guides and other expertise）等等。
China had about 170 million people aged 65 or above as of the end of 2018, which accounted for nearly 12 percent of its total population.
截止2018年底，我国65岁以上人口约为1.7亿，在总人口中的占比接近12%。
Around 75 percent of China's elderly people suffered from chronic diseases.
我国慢病老年人占老年人口的比例约达到75%。
There are also 40 million disabled and semi-disabled seniors with an urgent demand for long-term care.
此外，我国还有4000万失能及部分失能老人对长期照护服务的要求非常迫切。
大熊猫国际形象
global representative of China's giant pandas
A Pu, a cartoon image of a young male panda who loves playing table tennis, has become the official global representative of China's giant pandas.
一只喜欢打乒乓球的年轻雄性卡通大熊猫“阿璞”成为中国大熊猫官方国际形象。
由五洲传播中心与中国大熊猫保护研究中心联合主办的“中国大熊猫国际形象设计全球招募大赛（China Giant Panda Global Image Design Competition）”于今年2月上线启动，收到来自22个国家的2023份优秀作品（ 2,023 works recruited globally from 22 countries）。长着爱心眼圈、身穿红色短袖的卡通熊猫“阿璞”得票最高。
“阿璞”卡通熊猫背后的设计团队来自北京，该团队首席设计师这样解读背后的设计理念：
We gave A Pu the identity of a young male panda who will soon be a freshman in college and loves playing table tennis. A Pu wears a red T-shirt on which an image of his favorite food－bamboo shoot－can be seen. The eyes of A Pu are heart-shaped, suggesting sentiments of love and caring.
我们给“阿璞”设定的身份是一只马上要上大学的年轻雄性熊猫，喜欢打乒乓球。他穿着红色的T恤，上面印着他最爱吃的竹笋。“阿璞”的眼睛是心形的，代表爱与关怀。
The name A Pu is similar to the pronunciation of "up", as the theme of the competition is "UPanda, signifying the vitality of the young generation".
“阿璞”这个名字跟up（向上）的读音接近，而这次大赛的主题是“有熊猫UPanda，代表年轻一代的活力”。
主办方认为，“阿璞”贴合大赛“中国大熊猫，世界新青年（Chinese Giant Panda and world's new generation）”的主题，呈现和代表越来越国际化的中国新青年：朝气、活力、乐观、自信、爱分享的国际风貌（common qualities shared by today's Chinese young people: dynamics, vitality, optimism, self-confidence, spirit of sharing）。
The image of A Pu will be widely promoted as the official icon of China's giant pandas through cooperation with entertainment and sports companies and will be a bridge connecting China with the rest of the world.
“阿璞”将作为中国大熊猫官方形象，通过与娱乐和体育公司的合作进行广泛宣传，成为连接中国与世界的桥梁。
科创板
STAR Market
China inaugurated its Nasdaq-like STAR Market, also known as the sci-tech innovation board, at the Shanghai Stock Exchange on Thursday, kicking off the country's much-anticipated capital market reform.
6月13日，科创板在上海证券交易所开板，拉开了我国期待已久的资本市场改革序幕。
【知识点】
上海证券交易所科创板的英文名为SSE STAR Market，其中SSE代表Shanghai Stock Exchange，而STAR则是从Sci-Tech innovAtion boaRd中各取了一个字母，STAR一词本身有“星星、明星、主演”之意，该缩写寓意着未来科创板如一颗冉冉升起的新星。
股市中的其他各种板包括：主板（mainboard）、中小板（SME board）、创业板（growth enterprise market, GEM）等。
科创板是什么板？
The new market will support tech companies that are in line with the national strategies, make breakthroughs in core technologies and are well accepted by the market to grow stronger, Yi Huiman, chairman of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC), said at the launching ceremony of the sci-tech innovation board at the Lujiazui Forum in Shanghai.
中国证监会主席易会满13日在陆家嘴论坛上举行的科创板开板仪式上表示，科创板要着力支持符合国家战略、突破关键核心技术、市场认可度高的科技创新企业做优做强、发展壮大。
2018年11月5日，习近平主席在首届中国国际进口博览会开幕式主旨演讲中宣布：
将在上海证券交易所设立科创板并试点注册制，支持上海国际金融中心和科技创新中心建设，不断完善资本市场基础制度。
We will launch a science and technology innovation board at the Shanghai Stock Exchange and experiment with a registration system for listed companies. We will also support Shanghai in cementing its position as an international financial center and a hub of science and innovation, and steadily improve the fundamental institutions of its capital market.
2019年1月30日，中国证监会发布《关于在上海证券交易所设立科创板并试点注册制的实施意见》，意见指出科创板将重点支持新一代信息技术（new generation information technology）、高端装备（advanced equipment）、新材料（new materials）、新能源（new energy）、节能环保（energy conservation and environmental protection）以及生物医药（biomedicine）等高新技术产业和战略性新兴产业（high-tech and strategic emerging sectors）。
意见明确，在科创板试点注册制（registration-based IPO mechanism），合理制定科创板股票发行条件（IPO qualifications）和更加全面深入精准的信息披露规则体系（comprehensive and specific framework of rules for information disclosure）。上交所负责科创板发行上市审核（IPO screening），证监会负责科创板股票发行注册（IPO registration）。证监会将加强对上交所审核工作的监督，并强化新股发行上市事前事中事后全过程监管（end-to-end supervision）。
As of June 10, the Shanghai Stock Exchange had handled 119 applications for IPOs on the sci-tech innovation board. Of all, 41 companies, or 34 percent, are in the field of new-generation information technology, 21 in the advanced equipment industry, 27 in biomedicine and 13 in new materials.
截止6月10日，上交所已经收到了119个科创板上市申请，其中有41家企业（34%）来自新一代信息技术领域，21家来自高端装备行业，27家来自生物制药行业，还有13家来自新材料领域。
易会满说，证监会将会同市场各方，坚持以增量改革带动存量改革，充分发挥科创板的改革试验田作用，形成可复制、可推广的经验，以此带动资本市场全面深化改革（push forward sweeping reforms of the capital market），努力打造一个规范、透明、开放、有活力、有韧性的资本市场（build the capital market into a regulated, transparent and open one full of vigor and resilience）。
垃圾分类
garbage sorting
《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》将于7月1日正式开始实施。该条例在建立健全全程分类体系的同时，分设了促进源头减量和资源化处理专章，将管理范畴延伸到两端，涵盖了全链条。
According to the regulation, people are required to sort household garbage into four categories — dry garbage, wet garbage (kitchen waste), recyclables and hazardous waste — and individuals who fail to do so will be fined up to 200 yuan. For companies and institutions, the fine can go up to 50,000 yuan. In addition, transport operators can refuse to pick up the garbage if it's not properly sorted.
根据条例规定，人们须将家中的垃圾按照干垃圾、湿垃圾（厨余垃圾）、可回收物以及有害垃圾这四个类别放置，如果个人没有将垃圾分类投放最高罚款200元人民币，单位混装混运最高罚款5万元人民币。此外，未经分类的垃圾，收运单位可以拒绝接收。
【单词讲解】
Garbage，rubbish， trash 和 waste 在英语里都有“垃圾、废物”意思，它们的区别在于在哪个说英语的国家更常用。Garbage 是垃圾的美式英语说法；rubbish 是英式英语垃圾的意思；trash 也是美式英语垃圾的意思，但是它也可以用来指不值得尊重的人；waste 是一个正式用语，指没有利用价值的东西，包括废品、垃圾、废物、废料或者指时间、金钱、精力等的浪费。
除了居民个人垃圾分类要求外，条例针对特定对象提出了强制性要求。
According to the regulation, if not requested by guests, hotels should not provide disposable slippers and shower caps, while restaurants and food delivery businesses should not provide disposable cutlery.
条例规定，旅馆不得主动提供拖鞋、浴帽等一次性日用品，餐饮服务提供者和餐饮配送服务提供者不得主动提供一次性餐具。
Government and public institutions are not allowed to use disposable cups in the office and should give priority in purchasing products made from recycled materials.
党政机关、事业单位内部办公场所不得使用一次性杯具，采购时应优先选择由可回收材料制成的产品。
All the courier companies that operate in the city should use digital orders and environment friendly materials for packaging.
上海所有快递企业都应使用电子快递单，使用环保材料包装。
嫌每天给家里垃圾分类很麻烦？据说现在已经有上门代收垃圾服务（garbage pick-up service）了，市民在出门前将打好包的垃圾放在家门口（place their bagged household garbage at doorstep），每天上午定时都会有专人负责拿走，每次服务支付1元人民币的费用。
未完待续......
